Alaska -- Antiquities; Eskimos; Eskimos -- Anthropometry; Indians of North America -- Alaska; Indians of North America -- Yukon
The principal mean measurements of the six Tchuktchi skulls (both
sexes) were: Height, 17.60 centimeters; breadth, 13.59; height, 13.77;
cranial index, _77.2_.
The next measurements on western Eskimo crania are those given in 1867
by J. Barnard Davis (_Thes. cran._). This author measured 6 skulls, 3
of which were from Port Clarence (Seward Peninsula), 2 from Kotzebue
Sound, and 1 from Cape Lisburne. The measurements, regrettably, are in
inches. They include the greatest glabello-occipital length, greatest
breadth, height (plane of for. magn. to vertex), height of face
(chin-nasion), and breadth of face (d. bizygom. max.). The cranial
index of the 4 specimens identified as male averaged _75.5_ (75-76),
that of the 2 females _77.5_ (77-78). On page 226 the author mentions
also an artificially deformed skull of a Koniag; this was in all
probability a wrong identification for no such deformations are known
from the island (Kodiak).
In 1868 Jeffries Wyman[108] published measurements of 5 skulls of
"Tsuktshi," the same as those of Daniel Wilson, and of 5 from the Yukon
River, "three of which are Mahlemuts."
The identification of the specimens was partly erroneous. The data with
corrected identification are republished by Dall (q. v.) in 1877. And
the same skulls figure in all future measurements.
In 1875 Topinard[109] gives the Barnard Davis measurements in metric
form without, so far as the western Eskimo are concerned, any additions.
The main measurements of Barnard Davis's western Eskimo skulls,
converted to metric values, follow. The sex identification in some of
the specimens is doubtful.
---------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+---------
| Skull | Breadth |Height (to| Cranial
| length | | vertex) | index
---------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+---------
Port Clarence, male | 17.8 | 13.45 | -14 | _75.7_
Do | 17.8 | 13.45 | 14.2 | _75.7_
Port Clarence, female | -18 | -14 | 13.45 | _77.5_
+--------+---------+----------+---------
Means of the three | 17.86 | 13.64 | 13.59 | _76.4_
+========+=========+==========+=========
Kotzebue Sound, male | 17.55| 13.2 | 13.45 | _75.4_
Kotzebue Sound, female | 17.3 | 13.45 | 13.7 | _77.9_
+--------+---------+----------+---------
Means of the two (probably | | | |
both females) | 17.4 | 13.35 | 13.6 | _76.6_
+========+=========+==========+=========
Cape Lisburne, male | 18.3 | 14.2 | -14 | _77.8_
---------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+---------
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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