Because from 1861 onward the chief rewards of the successful students have been scholarships and exhibitions held in this college; a system adopted in the hope that in this way the numbers of perfectly trained science teachers might be increased, so that the science classes throughout the country might go on from strength to strength. The royal exhibitions date from 1863, the national scholars from 1884. The free studentships were added later. The strict connection between the science classes throughout the country and our college will be gathered from the following statement, which refers to the present time: Twenty-one royal exhibitions--seven open each year--four to the Royal College of Science, London, and three to the Royal College of Science, Dublin. Sixty-six national scholarships--twenty-two open each year--tenable, at the option of the holder, at either the Royal College of Science, London, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin. Eighteen free studentships--six open each year--to the Royal College of Science, London. A royal exhibition entitles the holder to free admission to lectures and laboratories, and to instruction during the course for the associateship--about three years--in the Royal College of Science, London, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin, with maintenance and traveling allowances. A national scholarship entitles the holder to free admission to lectures and laboratories and to instruction during the course of the associateship--about three years--at either the Royal College of Science, London, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin, at the option of the holder, with maintenance and traveling allowances. A free studentship entitles the holder to free admission to the lectures and laboratories and to instruction during the course for the associateship--about three years--in the Royal College of Science, London, but not to any maintenance or traveling allowance. Besides the above students who have been successful in the examinations of the science classes, a limited number (usually about sixty) of teachers, and of students in science classes who intend to become science teachers, are admitted free for a term or session to the courses of instruction. They may be called upon to pass an entrance examination. Of these, there are two categories--those who come to learn and those who remain to teach; some of the latter may be associates. Besides all these, those holding Whitworth scholarships--the award of which is decided by the science examinations--can, and some do, spend the year covered by the exhibition at the college. In this way, then, is the _École Normale_ side of our institution built up. The number of Government students in the college in 1872 was 25; in 1886 it was 113; and in 1897 it was 186.