progress in paleontology, and of facts that may be derived from the study of living beings; and _Les Variations Séculaires des Saisons_ (Secular Variation of the Seasons, 1892), a little work in which the author endeavors to confirm by observation a theory that climatic variations are dependent, in the meteorological sense, on planetary movements. She showed, for example, that in the cold winter of 1879-'80 the distribution of the planets around the sun was precisely that which should give the greatest degree of cold for our hemisphere. We notice also her occasional contributions to different periodicals: to _Le Temps_, the _Revue des Revues_, the _Journal des Économistes_, etc. Her last two treatises were published in 1895: _La Matière_ (or Matter), and _L'Inconnaissable_ (or The Unknowable). So great intellectual activity has given Madame Royer a first place among women as students of science. Hence, on March 10, 1897, her numerous admirers and friends offered her a jubilee banquet, under the chairmanship of M. Levasseur, member of the Institute of France. The toasts spoken to on this occasion retraced the brilliant career of the heroine of the feast; and, as the chairman justly declared, the occasion was "the glorification of woman's knowledge." Madame Clémence Royer is at present living a very retired life in the _Maison de Retraite_ founded by the Duchess Galigani at Neuilly, near Paris, where she enjoys the rest earned by a half century of persevering labor. Her body is feeble, but her ample brow and her yet lively eyes seem still to have preserved the recollections of the struggles of other days. FOOTNOTES: [41] Pascal Duprat, born at Hagetman (Department of the Landes), March 24, 1816, was professor of history at Algiers and at Paris. He took the direction of the _Revue independante_ in 1847; founded with Lamennais the journal _Le Peuple constituant_, and was an ardent promoter of the Revolution of 1848. Having became a member of the National Assembly, he opposed the _coup d'état_ of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. Being obliged in consequence of this act to exile himself, he retired to Belgium and afterward to Lausanne. He did not return to France till after the war of 1870, and died in August, 1885. The most interesting of his works is the Historical Essay on the Races of Africa (_Essai historique sur les Races de l'Afrique_, 1845). [42] Les Singes domestiques. Paris, 1886. * * * * *