[139] Pyle, W. H., "The Mind of the Negro Child," _School and Society_, I, pp. 357-360. [140] Ferguson, G. O., Jr., "The Psychology of the Negro," _Arch. of Psych._ No. 36, April, 1916. [141] Though the Negro is not assimilable, he is here to stay; he should therefore be helped to develop along his own lines. It is desirable not to subject him to too severe a competition with whites; yet such competition, acting as a stimulus, is probably responsible for part of his rapid progress during the last century, a progress which would not have been possible in a country where Negroes competed only with each other. The best way to temper competition is by differentiation of function, but this principle should not be carried to the extent of pocketing the Negro in blind-alley occupations where development is impossible. As mental tests show him to be less suited to literary education than are the whites, it seems likely that agriculture offers the best field for him. [142] This letter, and much of the data regarding the legal status of Negro-white amalgamation, are from an article by Albert Ernest Jenks in the _Am. Journ. Sociology_, XXI, 5, pp. 666-679, March, 1916. [143] A recent readable account of the races of the world is Madison Grant's _The Passing of the Great Race_ (New York, 1916). [144] _The Old World in the New._ By E. A. Ross, professor of Sociology in the University of Wisconsin, New York, 1914. [145] Cf. Stevenson, Robert Louis, _The Amateur Emigrant_. [146] Interview with W. Williams, former commissioner of immigration, in the _New York Herald_, April 13, 1912. [147] Of the total number of inmates of insane asylums of the entire U. S. of Jan. 1, 1910, 28.8% were whites of foreign birth, and of the persons admitted to such institutions during the year 1910, 25.5% were of this class. Of the total population of the United States in 1910 the foreign-born whites constituted 14.5%. Special report on the insane, Census of 1910 (pub. 1914). [148] _The Tide of Immigration._ By Frank Julian Warne, special expert on foreign-born population, 13th U. S. Census, New York, 1916. [149] _Essays in Social Justice._ By Thomas Nixon Carver, professor of Political Economy in Harvard University, Cambridge, 1915. [150] Fairchild's and Jenks' opinions are quoted from Warne, Chapter XVI. [151] _America and the Orient: A Constructive Policy_, by Rev. Sidney L. Gulick, Methodist Book Concern. The _American Japanese Problem: a Study of the Racial Relations of the East and West_, New York, Scribner's. [152] _Oriental Immigration._ By W. C. Billings, surgeon, U. S. Public Health Service; Chief Medical Officer, Immigration Service; Angel Island (San Francisco), Calif., _Journal of Heredity_, Vol. VI (1915), pp. 462-467. [153] _Assimilation in the Philippines, etc._ By Albert Ernest Jenks, professor of anthropology in the University of Minnesota. _American Journal of Sociology_, Vol. XIX (1914), p. 783.