Nöldecke, T.—Geschichte des Qurans (Göttingen, 1860). —Das Leben Muhammeds (Hanover, 1863). Oelsner, C. E.—Des effets de la religion de Mohammed (Paris, 1810). Osborn, Major—Islam under the Arabs (London, 1876). —Islam under the Caliphs (London, 1878). Pfander, Doctor—The Mizan El Hak (translated from Persian) (London, 1867). —Miftah ul Asrar (Persian) (Calcutta, 1839). —Tarik ul Hyat, Persian (Calcutta, 1840). Palgrave, W. G.—Essays on Eastern Question (London, 1872). —Travels in Central and Eastern Arabia. Palmer, E. H.—The Koran translated, 2 vols. (Oxford, 1880). Pelly, Lewis—The Miracle Play of Hasan and Hussain (London, 1879). Perron—L’Islamisme, Son Institutions, etc. (Paris, 1877). —Femmes Arabes avant et depuis l’Islamisme (Paris, 1858). Pitts, Joseph—Religion and manners of Mahometans (Oxford, 1704). Prideaux, H.—The True Nature of the Imposture fully explained (London, 1718). Rabadan—Mahometanism (Spanish and Arabic) 1603. Reland (and others)—Four Treatises (on Islam) (London, 1712). Rodwell, J. M.—The Koran, Translated (London, 1871). Roebuck, J. A.—Life of Mahomet (London, 1833). Ross, Alexander—The Koran (London, 1642). Rumsey, A.—Al Sirajiyeh. Translated (London, 1869). Ryer, Andre du—Life of Mahomet (London, 1718). Sale—Translation of the Koran with preliminary discourse (London, 1734). Scholl, Jules Charles—L’Islam et son fondateur: Étude morale (Neuchatel, 1874). Sell, Rev. E.—The Faith of Islam (Madras, 1880 and London, 1897). —The Historical Development of the Quran (Madras, 1898). Smith, Bosworth—Mohammed and Mohammedanism (London, 1876). Smith, H. P.—The Bible and Islam (New York and London, 1897). Sprenger, Aloys—Das Leben und die Lehre des Mohammed, 3 vols. (Berlin, 1865). Sprenger, A.—Life of Mohammed from original sources (Allahabad, 1851). Steinschneider, Moritz—Polemische Literatur in Arabischer Sprache (Leipzig, 1877). Stevens, W. R. W.—Christianity and Islam (London, 1877). St. Hilaire, T. Bartholomew de—Mahomet et le Coran (Paris, 1865). Stobart, J. W. H.—Islam and its Founder (London, 1876). Syeed, Ahmed Khan—Essays on the life of Mohammed (London, 1870). Syeed, Ameer Ali—A critical examination of the life and teachings of Mohammed (London, 1873). Tassy, Garcin de—L’Islamisme d’apres le Coran (Paris, 1874). Taylor, W. C.—The Hist. of Mohammedanism (London, 1834). Thiersant, P. Dabry de—Le Mahometisme en Chine (Paris, 1878). Tisdall, W. St. Clair—The Religion of the Crescent (London, 1896). Turpin, F. H.—Hist. de la vie de Mahomet, 3 vols. (Paris, 1773). Wallich, J.—Religio Turcia et Mahometis Vita (1659). Weil, Gustav—Das Leben Mohammeds; nach Ibn Ishak bearbeit von Ibn Hisham, 2 vols. (Stuttgart, 1864). Weil, Gustav—Historische-Kritische Einleitung in den Koran (Bielefeld, 1844).