The “MS. History of the Durham Cathedral and Diocese,” referred to in
Sir James Simpson’s Paper, Part II. p. 77, was printed in Wharton’s
_Anglia Sacra_ in 1691, and more perfectly in the _Historiæ Dunelmensis
Scriptores Tres_, by the Surtees Society in 1839. The passage quoted
stands thus (pp. 11, 12):—
“Præterea Hospitale de Schyreburne construxit, et elefantiosos
in episcopatu suo circumquaque collectos, ibidem instituit,
aptisque eorum usibus habitaculis ampliant; et ne quid
sollicitudini caritatis deesset, ad eorum perpetuam
sustentationem et nonnullorum susceptionem terras et ecclesias
concessit et confirmavit. In geminum creditur esse bonum, quod
et pauperum necessitatibus liberrime prospexit, et societatem
immundorum a cohabitacione mundorum segregavit.”
“Elephantuosi” is here put as equivalent to “Leprosi.” In the Chronicle
of Battle Abbey, written about 1180-1200, some slight distinction seems
to be implied between the words. The writer is speaking of the Abbot
Walter, who died in 1171:—
“Leprosorum maxime et elephantiosorum ab hominibus ejectioni
compatiens, eos non solum non abhorrebat, verumetiam in
persona propria eis frequenter ministrans, eorum manus
pedesque abluendo fovebat, et intimo caritatis pietatisque
affectu blanda oscula imprimebat.”—(_Chronicon Monasterii de
Bello_, p. 135; Lond. 1846. Anglia Christiana.)
But, after all, the two terms may here be used merely rhetorically.
There are other instances of such a tautology. Ducange (t. iii. coll.
49, 50), quotes _Elephantiæ lepra_ and “Leprosi enim vere atque
Elephantia debent habere.” At the same time he cites from an old
Latin-French Glossary, “ELEPHANCIA = une maniere de mesclerie.” In the
same way some writers distinguish between _mesellerie_ and _cordrerie_.
On the other hand, the _Catholicon Anglicum_, an Anglo-Latin Dictionary
of the year 1483, has “A LEPYR = lepra, elefancia,
missella.”—(_Promptorium Parvulorum_, vol. i. pp. 297, 298. Lond. 1843.
Camden Soc.)
DESCRIPTION OF A LEPER.
Reginald of Durham (sometimes also called Reginald of Coldingham), a
Benedictine monk, who wrote before 1195, gives the following
description of a leper girl who had been for three years in the
hospital at Budele, near Darlington, in the bishopric of Durham:—
“Nempe omnem facierum illius superficiem laceræ putredinis
cicatrix nunquam sana totam obduxerat, et falliculis [_l._
folliculis] crudæ carnis sparsim patentibus et hiulco meatu
saniem venenoso meatu rimantibus, horridam cunctis visu
reddiderat. Labiorumque ipsius extrema circumquaque marcentia
diriguerant, quia particulares quasdam ejus regiones usque ad
profunda quædam dimensionum dispendia vis sæva diutini
languoris consumendo exederat. His itaque aliisque illius
aegritudinus modis corpus ejus dilaceratum periit,”
etc.—(_Libellus de Vita et Miraculis S. Godrici_, p. 456.
Lond. 1847. Surtees Soc.)
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