Archangel: The American War with RussiaCudahy, John
History
Archangel: The American War with Russia
Cudahy, John
World War, 1914-1918 -- Russia (Federation) -- Arkhangelʹsk
Sometimes it almost seemed as if malignant Bolshevism had poisoned
the air, for once in February when the situation looked worst and
nothing seemed certain except annihilation for the whole garrison,
the American soldiers at Toulgas threatened, unless promised early
relief, to walk out like disgruntled factory hands. The same thing,
but with a more serious aspect, occurred in an American company at
Archangel; and the French on the Railway had, at first rumor of the
Armistice, flatly deserted and returned to Archangel. At Kodish a
company of British refused to fight further in this indefinite war,
and among the first conscripted Russian troops there was serious
mutiny resulting in much bloodshed.
But there was nothing mutinous in this expression of opinion at
Toulgas. It seemed the only course to civilian soldiers who were
schooled in strikes under an industrial system where the strike has
always been the concerted expression of disapproval by those who toil
in the ranks. When the nature of a mutiny was explained to these
men, they felt a burning shame for what they had done so unwilfully,
and never again, throughout the many discouraging, hopeless days that
followed, was there the smallest hint of protest from these civilian
American soldiers.
When the days were shortest, the commissary transport broke down, and
for a time the principal ration was corned beef that was frozen in
the tin, and a nauseating mixture of vegetables and stewed meat that
had been alternately frozen and thawed in the tin, and when eaten,
gave some loathsome skin diseases and others dysentery.
Cooking and eating were the only breaks in the melancholy monotony;
there was no diversion, no relaxation, no recreation, and the divine
gift of humor which was the salvation of the Western soldier, was
denied to the soldier of North Russia, for humor springs from buoyant
spirits, the wells of radiant health, and the Americans on the Dvina
were so physically depleted that in February the medical officer of
the First Battalion reported that one-third of all those on active
duty should be committed to the hospital without delay. But these
sickened soldiers could not be sent to the hospital without
abandoning the undermanned posts that guarded the garrison.
Robbed of physical resistance and broken in spirit it was pitiful to
see strong men and brave men become shrinking cowards, filled with a
vague, sapping dread, under the uninterrupted strain and the
depressing influence of the long nights. Fidgety sentinels were
constantly seeing lurking Bolsheviks conjured by their morbid
imagination from the menacing shadows of the woods, and there was an
epidemic of accidental self-inflicted wounds, which always occurred
at the ticklish, unsupported, advanced positions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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