Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
From there on the street, as carried forward in 1820-4, proceeded more
directly, but with great variety in the individual façades—one terrace
of houses over shops (1820-1) was by Soane. There were also special
pavilioned structures to phrase several slight changes in direction and
to mark the openings of intersecting streets. At Regent (now Oxford)
Circus a second circle, similar to that at Piccadilly but elaborated by
Nash with a Corinthian order, marks a major cross artery. Above this the
street continues quite straight for a little way; then comes another
sharp leftward shift in the axis. There Nash placed his All Souls’
Church, which was built in 1822-4. Its curious fluted steeple still
rises through the colonnade that crowns the tower to provide a pivot by
which the eye is carried around the sharp corner. Almost at once another
right-angled turn leads into the broad pre-existing esplanade of Adam’s
Portland Place. From here on all is formal again as at Waterloo Place.
At the upper end, between the top of Portland Place and the Park, was to
be a large residential circus. Of this only the two southern quadrants
were built—one of them the earliest portion of the whole scheme,
initiated at the very start in 1812. As executed, there are above
this—for this part of the scheme is all extant—two regular terraces
facing each other across Park Square.
In 1813, as has been said, Nash succeeded Wyatt in the
Surveyor-General’s office; but it was in the role of private
entrepreneur rather than as an official that he executed the Regent
Street scheme, hazarding his own rising fortune and using every device
of subleasing to carry the project through. This he accomplished in the
relatively short period of fifteen years, even though the renewal of the
war held up execution for several years immediately after the start. Of
all this nothing remains below Portland Place but the planning and All
Souls’. However, in the district east of Lower Regent Street, the Royal
Opera Arcade still exists behind New Zealand House and, much larger and
more conspicuous, the conventional temple portico of the Haymarket
Theatre of 1821 stands at the end of what is now Charles II Street.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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