Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
The _François I_ character of the detailing of Lenormand’s Pollet church
has been mentioned. In domestic architecture such national Renaissance
precedent had rather greater success even if nothing very novel or
original developed from it. In 1825 L.-M.-D. Biet (1785-1856), a pupil
of Percier, brought to Paris the court façade of an early
sixteenth-century house from Moret and applied it to a _hôtel
particulier_—always called with no justification the ‘Maison de François
I’—in a new residential area of Paris. This house shortly gave the name
‘François I’ to the entire quarter between the Champs Élysées and the
Seine. The barrenness and brittleness of Biet’s own elevations were more
of a tribute to his respect for the old work than to his creative
ability.
[Illustration:
Figure 9. J.-I. Hittorff: Project for country house for Comte de W.,
1830, elevation
]
Within the next few years houses built by such architects as L.-T.-J.
Visconti (1791-1853), another pupil of Percier, and Famin tended to grow
ever richer. In 1835 P.-C. Dusillion (1804-60), an architect otherwise
more active abroad than at home, used _François I_ detail with the
lushest profusion on a house at 14 Rue Vaneau. The façade rather
resembles an interior of the so-called _style troubadour_ turned inside
out. Much the same may be said for the block of flats built by Édouard
Renaud (1808-86), a pupil of Leroy, at 5 Place St Georges in 1841. But
this was rather an exception to the severity and regularity of Parisian
street architecture under the Restoration. This was generally
maintained, moreover, under the July Monarchy for blocks of flats, even
by men like Visconti and Lesueur whose private houses were often very
rich indeed.
Two country houses of 1840 make a more extensive and plausible use of
_François I_ features. One is the Château de St Martin, near St Paulzo
in the Nièvre, built by Édouard Lussy (1788-1868), a pupil of Percier;
this is elaborately picturesque in silhouette but still rigidly
symmetrical. Another by J.-B.-P. Canissié (1799-1877), a pupil of
Hittorff, at Draveil, S.-et-O., is somewhat irregular both in plan and
in composition. But the _style François I_ in the France of the second
quarter of the nineteenth century had neither the general acceptance nor
even the vitality—at that relatively low—of the revived ‘Jacobethan’ in
contemporary England.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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