Passing over these, we now come to Parry’s last and, in some ways,
his greatest voyage, a voyage which opened up a new epoch in Arctic
exploration. He returned from his third journey in search of the
North-West Passage in October 1825, and in the spring of 1826 he
suggested to Lord Melville, then First Lord of the Admiralty, a plan
for reaching the North Pole by means of sledge-boats, which should
travel either over the ice or through any spaces of open water which
might intervene. The idea, it should be said, had actually originated
with Franklin, who had proposed the journey some years before, and
had offered to take command of it himself. As, however, he was now
away on his second journey through North America, Parry’s services
were retained for the expedition, which found complete favour in the
eyes of the Admiralty. He was, in consequence, commissioned to the
_Hecla_ on November 11, 1826.
In order to make the objective of the journey perfectly clear, it
will be best to quote a passage from the official instructions: “On
your arrival at the northern shores of Spitzbergen,” they ran, “you
will fix upon some harbour or cove, in which the _Hecla_ may be
placed, and, having properly secured her, you are then to proceed
with the boats, whose requirements have, under your own directions,
been furnished expressly for the service, directly to the northward,
and use your best endeavours to reach the North Pole; and, having
made such observations as are specified in your instructions for your
former voyages in the northern regions, and such as will be pointed
out to you by the Council of the Royal Society, added to those which
your own experience will suggest, you will be careful to return to
Spitzbergen before the winter sets in, and at such a period of the
autumn as will ensure the vessels you command not being frozen up and
thus obliged to winter there.”
The sledge-boats alluded to were of a somewhat peculiar construction,
and were, on the whole, very well adapted for the purpose for
which they were intended. They were flat-bottomed, and measured 20
feet long and, at their greatest beam, 7 feet broad. On a frame of
ash and hickory was stretched a sheet of mackintosh waterproofing
coated with tar. Outside this were placed first a layer of thin fir
planking, then a sheet of stout felt, and lastly a thin planking of
oak. A strong runner shod with steel was attached on either side
of the keel, while to the forepart of the runner was fixed a span
of hide-rope to be used for dragging the boat over the ice. The
equipment also included a light bamboo mast, 19 feet long, a tanned
duck sail, which could also serve the purpose of an awning, a spreat,
a boat-hook, fourteen paddles, and a steer-oar.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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