[342] =El inca Garcilaso=. He was the son of one of the _conquistadores_ of Peru and a princess of Inca descent. He wrote _Comentarios Reales del Perú_ and _La Florida del Inca_. [343] =sin salir de casa=, _i.e._, =de la Argentina=. [344] =Betis=, ancient name of the Guadalquivir, a river in Andalusia, southern Spain. [345] =Góngora=. He was the chaplain of Philip III of Spain; his writings have given rise to the term _Gongorism_, which is applied to a metaphorical and far-fetched style. Cf. _euphuism_ in English. [346] =Bufón=, _Buffon_, French naturalist (1707-1788). [347] =un ave=. With feminine words beginning with an initial stressed a it is common to use an old apocopated form of the feminine article, which looks like the modern masculine form of the article. [348] "=fruta del monte=". Peaches are so common in the province of Buenos Aires that they are called "fruit of the woods". In this connection Darwin says: "Among the introduced kinds may be enumerated poplars, olives, peach, and other fruit trees; the peaches succeed so well that they afford the main supply of firewood to the city of Buenos Aires."--_The Voyage of the Beagle_. [349] =_ab initio_=, _from the beginning_; a stock Latin quotation. [350] "=caminos que caminan=", descriptive of the Plata and the Paraná, rivers which move continuously and are highways of travel and commerce. [351] =la Escritura=: _i.e._, Job 39:17. [352] =se convierta=. The subject is _el espacio_, line 3. [353] =Calvario=, mountain on which Christ was crucified; here synonymous with suffering. [354] =las Conchas=. V. map. [355] =la Recoleta=. V. map. [356] =sería=. Note use of the conditional to express probability in past time. [357] =la vela de las armas=. In the days of chivalry the squire kept watch over his arms the night before being knighted. [358] =y a fe... quien=, _and indeed it did not ill befit one who_. [359] =Poitiers=. The English under the Black Prince in 1356 defeated the French here. As a descendant of the defeated French, Santiago de Liniers had an opportunity to avenge the defeat of his forefathers. [360] =invasión de Popham=. In 1806 Popham, a famous British admiral, proposed the seizure of Buenos Aires to the English government. For this purpose he was sent in command of a fleet to attack Buenos Aires. [361] =se debía oír a Liniers=, _heed should be given to Liniers_. [362] =Caballero de Malta=. In the eleventh century the Knights Hospitalers were established in Jerusalem to furnish shelter to the pilgrims. The order became successively the Knights of St. John, the Knights of Rhodes, and, in 1530, the Knights of Malta, when Charles V ceded that island to them. Now it exists as an honorary order only. [363] =Gibraltar y Menorca=. During the War of American Independence France and Spain attempted to wrest these two places from England, but succeeded only in recovering Minorca. Liniers took an active part in both these campaigns.