This species, called _Perdiz chico_ by the natives, is somewhat smaller and paler in colouring than the common Tinamou of the pampas, but very closely resembles the young of that species. It inhabits Patagonia, and is nowhere very numerous, but appears to be thinly and equally distributed on the dry sterile plains of that region, preferring places abounding in thin scrub. In disposition it is extremely shy, and when approached springs up at a distance ahead and runs away with the greatest speed and apparently much terrified. Sometimes when thus running it utters short whistled notes like the allied species. It rises more readily and with less noise than the pampas bird, and has a much higher flight. It has one call-note, heard only in the love-season--a succession of short whistling notes, like those of the _N. maculosa_, but without the rapidly uttered conclusion. The nest is made under a small scrubby bush, and contains from five to seven eggs, in form and colour like those of _N. maculosa_, except that the reddish-purple tint is paler. The figure (Plate XX.) is taken from one of my specimens from the Rio Negro, now in the British Museum. 432. CALODROMAS ELEGANS (d'Orb. et Geoff.). (MARTINETA TINAMOU.) +Eudromia elegans+, _Burm. La-Plata Reise_, ii. p. 408 (San Luis, Mendoza); _Scl. P. Z. S._ 1872, p. 545 (Rio Negro). +Calodromas elegans+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 153; _Durnford, Ibis_, 1877, p. 45 (Chupat), et 1878, p. 406 (Centr. Patagonia); _Barrows, Auk_, 1884, p. 318 (Bahia Blanca). _Description._--Above densely banded and spotted with black and pale fulvous; head cinereous, with black striations; a long recurved vertical crest of black feathers, partly edged with cinereous; two lateral stripes on the head above and beneath the eye and throat cinnamomeous white: beneath pale cinnamomeous, breast with numerous black cross bars and black shaft-spots; belly, flanks, and under tail-coverts with broad black cross bands; wings ashy black, with numerous cross bands of pale cinnamomeous; bill blackish; feet bluish grey: whole length 14·5 inches, wing 8·3, tail 3·0. _Female_ similar. _Hab._ Northern Patagonia and Western Argentina.