_Substantia_ and _Qualitas_ disappears; the latter being partially contained in the former. The Second Substance or Essence includes attributes or Qualities belonging to the Essence. In fact, the Second Substance or Essence, when distinguished from the First, is both here and elsewhere characterized by Aristotle, as being not Substance at all, but Quality,[109] though when considered as being in implication with the First, it takes on the nature of Substance and becomes substantial or essential Quality. The Differentia belongs thus both to Substance and to Quality (_quale quid_), making up as complement that which is designated by the specific name.[110] [Footnote 106: Aristotle sometimes speaks of it as [Greek: chôristo/n], the other Categories being not [Greek: chôrista/] (Metaphys. Z. p. 1028, a. 34). It is not easy, however, always to distinguish whether he means by the term [Greek: chôrista\] "_sejuncta re_", or "_sejuncta notione solâ_." See Bonitz ad Metaphysic. ([Greek: D]. p. 1017), p. 244.] [Footnote 107: Categor. p. 3, b. 12: [Greek: a)/tomon ga\r kai\ e(\n a)rithmô=| to\ dêlou/meno/n e)stin.] Compare Metaphysic. N. p. 1087, b. 33; p. 1088, a. 10.] [Footnote 108: Hobbes says:--"Now that accident (_i.e._ attribute) for which we give a certain name to any body, or the accident which denominates its Subject, is commonly called the Essence thereof; as rationality is the essence of a man, whiteness of any white thing, and extension the essence of a body" (Hobbes, Philosophy, ch. viii. s. 23). This topic will be found discussed, most completely and philosophically, in Mr. John Stuart Mill's System of Logic, Book I. ch. vi. ss. 2-3; ch. vii. s. 5.] [Footnote 109: Categor. p. 3, b. 13: [Greek: e)pi\ de\ tô=n deute/rôn ou)siô=n phai/netai me\n o(moi/ôs tô=| schê/mati tê=s prosêgori/as to/de ti sêmai/nein, o(/tan ei)/pê| a)/nthrôpon ê)\ zô=on, ou) mê\n a)lêthe/s ge, a)lla\ ma=llon _poio/n ti sêmai/nei--poia\n ga/r tina ou)si/an_ sêmai/nei] (b. 20). Metaphysic. Z. p. 1038, b. 35: [Greek: phanero\n o(/ti ou)the\n tô=n katho/lou u(parcho/ntôn ou)si/a e)sti/, kai\ o(/ti ou)the\n sêmai/nei tô=n koinê=| katêgoroume/nôn to/de ti, a)lla\ toio/nde.] Compare Metaphys. M. p. 1087, a. 1; Sophistic. Elench. p. 178, b. 37; 179, a. 9. That which is called [Greek: prô/tê ou)si/a] in the Categoriæ is called [Greek: tri/tê ou)si/a] in Metaphys. [Greek: Ê]. p. 1043, a. 18. In Ethic. Nikom. Z. p. 1143, a. 32, seq., the _generalissima_ are called [Greek: prô=ta], and particulars are called [Greek: e)/schata]. Zell observes in his commentary (p. 224), "[Greek: ta\ e)/schata] sunt res singulæ, quæ et ipsæ sunt extremæ, ratione mentis nostræ, ab universis ad singula delabentis." Patricius remarks upon the different sense of the terms [Greek: Prô/tê Ou)si/a] in the Categoriæ and in the De Interpretatione (Discuss. Peripatetic. p. 21).]