Aristotle's History of Animals: In Ten BooksAristotle
PhilosophyPhilosophy
Aristotle's History of Animals: In Ten Books
Aristotle
Zoology -- Pre-Linnaean works
2. Of the rest of the nine kinds already mentioned we will treat
hereafter. The bees do not hunt for prey, but they both produce and
lay up stores. The honey is their food. This is plainly shown when
the honey dealers attempt to take the combs. When they are fumigated
and suffering from the effects of the smoke, they devour the honey
greedily, which they are not observed to do at other times; but they
spare it and store it up for food. They have also another kind of food,
which is called cerinthus (bee bread), which is of an inferior quality,
and sweet like figs. They carry this upon their legs as they do the wax.
3. There is great variety in their diligence and mode of life. For
when a clean hive is given them, they build their combs, bringing the
drops from flowers and trees, such as the willow, the elm, and other
glutinous trees. With this also they smear the floor of their hive,
for fear of other creatures. The honey dealers calls this substance
commosis, and they build up the entrance of their hive if it is too
wide. They first build cells for their own habitation, then those for
the kings and the drones. They always build cells for themselves, and
royal cells when there are many young; but they only build cells for
the drones when there is plenty of honey.
4. They make the royal cells near their own. These are small. Those
for the drones are placed next. These are of a smaller size than those
of the bees. They commence the formation of their combs from the top
of the hives, and carry them down until several reach the floor of the
hive. The cells, whether for the honey or the grubs, are constructed
with two mouths; for there are two cells built on each base, like a
double cup, one on the inside, the other on the outside. The cells at
the beginning of the comb, near the hives, are joined together for as
much as two or three rows in a circle, and are short, and contain no
honey. The cells which are formed with the greatest quantity of wax
contain the most honey.
5. They spread the substance called mitys at the entrance of their
hives, near the opening. This material is black, as if it was the
purification of the wax, and of a harsh smell. It is considered a
remedy for contusions and suppurations. Next to this the pissocerus
is smeared over the floor of the hive. This substance is less useful
than the mitys in the healing art. Some persons say that the drones
build cells for themselves, dividing both the hive and the wax with
the bees; but they make no honey, but both themselves and their young
are supported by that of the bees. The drones generally remain in the
hives; and if they fly out they rise in the air with a great noise,
wheeling about as if they were exercising; and when they have done this
they return to the hive and feast themselves on the honey.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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