Ἄνθος, yellow bunting, Emberiza citrinella, _Strack_, Motacilla barula, 202; feeds in meadows, imitates the neighing of the horse, 233; hostile to the acanthis and ægithus, _ib._; it lives by the side of rivers, 244. Ἀνθρήνη, wild bee, Apis terrestris, or Vespa crabro, 88; the larvæ, 124; reproduction, 130; a diligent insect, 258; makes honey, 260; its manners and habits, 270. Ἄπιος, the pear tree, 126. Ἀπλυσίας, a dark-coloured sponge, 119. Ἀποῤῥαΐς, various reading for αἱμοῤῥοΐς, Murex, or Natica. Ἄπους, swift, Hirundo apus, 4; also called κύψελλος, 271. Ἀράχνης, spider, 5, 85, 135; its web, reproduction, 123, 131, 132; is driven away by its young, 131; it sucks its prey, 213; is eaten by the lizard, 232; four kinds, 258, 259. Ψύλλα, Salticus scenicus--The smaller kind Dolomedes mirabilis--the larger Lycosa ruricola, another Dolomedes fimbriatus. Ἄρκτος, bear, Ursus Arctus, 25, 27, 29, 42; coition, 102; at this time it becomes fierce, 161; period of gestation, imperfect young, 175; mode of drinking, 205; hybernation, 215; eats the arum, _ib._; the females courageous, 230; its habits, 237. Ἄρκτος, a crustacean, perhaps Cancer spinosissimus, _Strack_, Scyllaris arctus, reproduction, 121; its food and manner of seizing it, 205. Ἅρπη, a bird of prey, falcon, lives near the sea, and attacks the gull and brenthus, 232; the piphinx and ictinus are friendly to it, 234; its mode of life, attacks the eyes of its prey, 247. Ἀρχάνος, a fish, see Ἀχάρνας. Ἀσκαλαβώτης, lizard, Lacerta Gecko, Stellio veterum, 160; it lives in holes, 213; changes its skin, 216; its bite poisonous in some parts of Italy, 227; it eats spiders, 232; it can walk in an inverted position, 242. Ἀσκάλαφος, probably some kind of owl, Stryx ulula, 45. Ἀσκαλώπας, Scolopax gallinago, snipe, _Strack_, (Schneider disapproves of this identification), S. phæopus, 249. See σκολόπαξ. Ἀσκαρίδες, ascaris, intestinal worm, 124. Ἀσκαρὶς, the larva of the empis (gnat), 125. Ἀσπάλαξ, mole, Talpa vulgaris, lives in holes, 5; its eyes, 13, 90; there are many in Bœotia, none in Lebadia, 225. Ἀσπὶς, Coluber aspis, asp, from which a poison is made in Lybia, 227; in Egypt it is attacked by the ichneumon, 238. Ἀστακὸς, lobster, Cancer Gammarus, and Astacus, 138; compared with the spiny lobster, 77, 78, 79; a small fresh-water species, Astacus fluviatilis, crayfish, 86; its reproduction, 106, 121; changes its shell, 217. Ἀσταφὶς, a raisin used for feeding cattle, 206. Ἀστερίας, a cartilaginous fish, 109, 151. Squalus asterias. Ἀστερίας, a hawk, 109, 151, 253. Ἀστερίας, Ardea stellaris, bittern, 233. Ἀστὴρ, star-fish, Uraster rubens, 118. Ἀσφόδελος, a plant, asphodel, A. ramosus, 260. Ἀτρακτυλλὶς, a plant of the thistle tribe, Carthamus creticus.