Ἔχιδνα, viper, Coluber vivipara, C. verus, 10; hides under stones, 213. Ἐχινομήτρα, Echinus Esculentus, _Forbes in Spratt's Lycia_, 86. Ἐχῖνος, sea urchin, Echinus lividus; another species, with hard spines, is Cidaris hystrix, also a long species, Amphidetus Mediterraneus, _Forbes_, 10, 11; eatable kinds, 86; small species, E. saxatilis; white species at Torone, E. decadactylus, _ib._, 87, 94; at what season they are full of ova, 110. Ἐχῖνος, hedgehog, Erinaceus Europæus, 10, 46, 61, 81; coition, 102; changes the entrance of its hole when the wind changes, 239. Ἔχις, a serpent, Coluber vivipara, Vipera Reedii, viviparous, 49; reproduction, 137; how captured, 204; changes its skin, 216; becomes more poisonous by eating scorpions, 227. Ἑψητὸς, a small fish, Atherina Hepsetus, _Strack_, 156. Ζ Ζύγαινα, a shark, Squalus Zygæna, _Strack_, 40. Ζυγνὶς, a lizard, see χαλκὶς, 223. Ζωδάρια, several small animals, 135. 1. Tinea pellionella. 2. T. sarcitella. 3. Psorus pulsatorius. 4. T. graminella. Ζῶον, several unnamed animals. 1. A small crustacean in shell fish, perhaps Pinnotheres, 86. 2. marine creatures like small pieces of wood, Veretillum, 89. 3. marine creatures like shields, Alcyonium, 89. 4. marine creatures like αἰδοῖον ἀνδρὸς, Pennatula, 89. 5. winged creatures produced from maggots in pulse, Bruchus, 126. Η Ἡμίονος, mule, offspring of horse and wild ass, the female larger and more long lived, 99, 170; the so-called mules of Syria, Equus hemionus, 11, 172, 177. Ἥπατος, a fish so called from its colour, Theutis hepatus, _Strack_, Stromatos fiatola, 44. Ἠπίολος, moth, Tinea mellonella, 225. Ἡρακλεοτικὸς καρκίνος, Heracleotic crab, has a long tail, 77, 81. Θ Θαλλὸς, a shoot of a plant, especially the olive, 208. Θηρία, animals larger than flies in fire, 126; animals which destroy honey-combs, 225; an animal like a moth, _ib._ Θὶς, black shore weed, fucus, 211. Θραυπὶς, a small bird like a goldfinch, Fringilla Carduelis, or F. Cannabina, 202. Θρίσσα, a fish with prickly scales, 256. Θρίψ, timber worm, 207. Θύμον, thyme, Thymus vulgaris, 266. Θυννὶς, the female tunny, 108, 109; aged, 160; food, 200; migration, 211; gregarious, 234. Θύννος, tunny fish, Scomber Thynnus, 4, 38; sleeps, 98; swims in shoals, 108; male and female, _ib._; reproduction, 109, 135; life, 149; they appear to be a year older than the pelamys, 160; food, 199; migrates after the scombri, 209; when best for food, 211; migrations, 212; how concealed, 214; delights in warmth, 219; old fish unfit for salting, their weight, 228. Θὼς, jackal or ounce, Felis onza, or perhaps Canis aureus, _Strack_, 42; habits, 177; hates the lion, 234; carnivorous, _ib._; several kinds, 272. Ι