Πόα Μηδικὴ and Συρία, Medicago sativa, and lupulina, 268. Ποικιλὶς, perhaps Fringilla Carduelis or Œnanthe, 232. Πολύπους, Octopus, _Spratt's Lycia_, Sepia octopodia, a small variegated kind, has not been determined, _Owen_, 9, 73, 74, 76; several kinds, 73, 258; reproduction, 105, 110, 121; destroys the lobster, 198; is destroyed by the conger, _ib._; food, 199; when good for food, 228; ink, 75, 257; changes its colour, _ib._; grows lean, _ib._; goes upon shore, 258. Πορφύρα, Murex trunculus, _Spratt's Lycia_, and probably some other shells, 81, 83, 85, 86, 89, 94; time of appearance, 110, 115, 116, 117; several kinds, 116, 117; said to obtain the purple from Algæ, 155; carnivorous, 200; hybernates, 213, 220, 256. Πορφυρίων, a bird with a long neck, Fulica porphyrion, _Strack_, 45, 206. Πράσιον, a species of alga, perhaps Caulerpa prolifera, _Spratt's Lycia_, 199. Πρασοκουρὶς, a grub which destroys leeks, Clerus apiarius, 126. Πρέσβυς, the same as Trochilus, wren, 232, 244. Πρημάδες, a kind of tunny, 214. Πρίστις, perhaps the saw-fish, Squalus pristis, _Strack_, 152. Πρόβατον, sheep, Ovis aries, 27, 29; black lambs, 64, 66, 67; in Epirus, 71, 72; voice of the ram, 96; dreams, 97; reproduction, 112, 113, 163, 164, 165; sheep-ticks, 134; food, 208; acorns injurious to sheep, 222; diseases, 223; Syrian sheep, 225; Egyptian, 226; habits, 235; hostile to bees, 261; ruminate, 279. Πρὸξ, roe deer, Cervus Capriolus, 39, 58, 67. Πτελέα, elm, Ulmus campestris, 206. Πτερνὶς, a species of hawk, 253. Πτὺγξ, or πώϋξ, a water-bird, 244. Πύγαργος, a kind of eagle, perhaps Circus Cyaneus, hen harrier, 146, 250; also a water-bird, perhaps Tringa Ocrophus, L. _Schneider_, 203, 244. Πυγολαμπὶς, glow-worm, Lampyris noctiluca, 73, 125. Πυραλὶς, a bird, enemy of the turtle dove, 232. Πυραύστης, a moth, Tinea mellonella, _Strack_, 225. Πυῤῥούλας, a red bird, Loxia pyrrula, or enucleator, 202. Πώϋξ, a bird living in marshes, Ardea purpurea, 247. Ρ Ῥαφάνος, cabbage or radish, 124. Ῥητίνη, resin, 248. Ῥίνη, a species of shark, Squalus Squatina, _Strack_, 49; reproduction, 103, 108, 109, 150, 151; mode of taking its prey, 255; changes its colour, 257. Ῥινόβατης, Raia rhinobatus, a cartilaginous fish, 151. Ῥυάδες, fish that swim in shoals, 93, 109, 159, 211, 212. Σ Σαθέριον, a kind of otter or beaver, Lutra Luteola, _Strack_, 205. Σαλαμάνδρα, salamander, Lacerta Salamandra, 126. Σάλπη, the genus Scomber, _Strack_, Sparus Salpa, 92; reproduction, 108, 109, 159; food, 201; lives in bays of the sea, 211; is not carnivorous, 256. Σανδαράκη, red sulphuret of arsenic, 223; bee bread, 264. Σαπείριον, σαπήριον or σατύριον, a plant, probably an orchid, Satyrian, 205.