Armenia, Travels and Studies (Volume 1 of 2): The Russian ProvincesLynch, H. F. B. (Harry Finnis Blosse)
History
Armenia, Travels and Studies (Volume 1 of 2): The Russian Provinces
Lynch, H. F. B. (Harry Finnis Blosse)
Armenia
The central dome, which is supported on piers in the interior,
consists of a polygonal drum with a window in each face surmounted
by a conical roof. A false arcade with slender columns and pointed
arches enriches, together with a carved cornice, the simplicity
of the design. This dome is believed to date from the seventh
century, and to be the work which the Katholikos Komitas (617-625)
erected in place of an earlier structure in wood. If this be the
case we have an example of this form of dome in Armenia a hundred
years before the time when it is supposed by Fergusson to have
been developed. [152] It is a pity that some vandal has daubed
it over with plaster and paint, which invests it with a grotesque
appearance. Above each window is a medallion containing the head
of a saint, and I saw traces of spiral carving on the columns. An
almost flat-roofed building with this dome in the centre, with
four projecting apses, one at each point of the compass and each
surmounted by a little belfry--such would appear to have been the
original exterior of the edifice which we see at the present day.
An ingenious traveller, whose judgment was influenced by the
cornice of the building, and perhaps too by certain stone slabs
with Greek inscriptions which are inserted in the walls, has
conjectured that this exterior, with the exception of the dome and
belfries, dates at least in part from the reign of King Tiridates
(end of the third and commencement of the fourth century). [153]
He has gone so far as to present us with an illustration,
showing what he conceives to have been the original form. [154]
We know from Moses of Khorene that this monarch erected at Garni
in the district of Erivan a building of surpassing beauty to his
sister Khosrovidukht; and it is almost certain that the remains
of a purely classical building which have been seen by modern
travellers upon that site belong to this monument or to one of
the same period. [155] The presumption of Dubois is therefore
justified that a building of the reign of Tiridates would be likely
to display classical features and ornaments. But his conjecture
as regards this particular church must at present be considered
to belong to the realm of hypothesis. The presence of the slabs
with the Greek inscriptions would prove nothing; they may have
been taken from an earlier building, or they may quite well be
later in date than the invention and use of the Armenian alphabet
in the fifth century. Dubois indeed is inclined to ascribe them
to a period earlier than the conversion of Tiridates, and to see
in them memorials of a Christianity practised in Armenia prior to
the preaching of St. Gregory. This conjecture, which is adopted
with complacency by Ritter, is probably quite baseless. The
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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