Rasle, Father Sebastian, on the use of shell beads 231 Rau, Charles, describes gold ornament 285 shell gorget 289 vessel 196 weapon 210 , on classification of perforated plates 266 cut of stone disk 278 Records. (_See_ Mnemonic records.) "Runtees," a variety of shell beads 228 , Manner of stringing 229 , Origin of 230 , Signification of figures engraved upon 228 Ruttenber, E. M., on the Keeper of wampum 241 manufacture of shell money 238 Scalloped disks. (_See_ Disks.) Schoolcraft, H. R., describes shell beads 228 ornaments 297 pendants 260 plates 264 Schumacher, Paul, Shell objects collected by 209, 217 Scrapers of shell 205 , Examples of 205 Serpent characteristics that attract the savage 289 design, Discovery of shell gorgets ornamented with 289 engraved upon shell gorgets 268, 289, 293 stone disks 278 , Examples of gorgets ornamented with 290 of Mexico and Peru 293 ; the rattlesnake 289 , Embodiment of the, in art 289 ; rattlesnake species represented on shell 291, 293 , Superstitions in regard to 289 , Use of the, as a religious symbol 289 Shells, Artificial distribution of 196, 205, 213, 230 , Trade in 188, 191, 193, 196, 236 used as models for the potter 198 in natural state 187, 191 Smith, Erminnie A., Wampum belt loaned by 251 Smith, John, describes shell ornaments 232 Spider characteristics that attract savages 286 design engraved upon shell gorgets 286, 289 , Examples of, on shell gorgets 286 in art 286 , Myths concerning the 286 Spoons of shell deposited with the dead 199 , Examples of 199 , Manufacture of 198 the Unio shell 198, 201 Squier, E. G., mentions spider myths 286 Squier and Davis describe shell beads 225 Stearns, R. E. C., on shell money 239 Strachey, William, mentions shell knives 202 Stratton, C. L., Shell pins collected by 215 Strombus shells, Columellæ of, used in manufacture of beads 224 pendants 208 pins 213, 215 used as vessels 191, 194, 197 in manufacture of celts 204 gorgets 295 Swan, J. G., describes shell ornaments 233