Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension, with Chapters on Blood Pressure: 3rd Edition.Warfield, Louis M. (Louis Marshall)
Science
Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension, with Chapters on Blood Pressure: 3rd Edition.
Warfield, Louis M. (Louis Marshall)
Arteries -- Diseases; Blood pressure
"Hypotension when found persistently in individuals or families or
classes living under certain unhygienic conditions should put us on our
guard against at least a predisposition to tuberculosis. Most unhygienic
conditions, overwork, undernourishment and insufficient air, are of
themselves causes of a diminished resistance, and it seems likely that a
failure of normal cardiovascular response to exercise or change of
position may be found to indicate this stage of susceptibility,
especially to tuberculous infection.
"... Hypotension, when it is present in tuberculosis, increases with an
extension of the process. Recovery from hypotension accompanies arrest
or improvement. Return to normal pressure is commonly found in those who
are cured. Continuation of hypotension seems never to accompany
improvement. Prognosis can as safely be based on the alteration in the
blood pressure as on changes in the pulse or temperature...."
There are a few drugs which lower the blood pressure, but, as a rule,
their effects are more or less transitory. We know of no drug, unless it
be iodide of potassium, which has the property of causing changes in the
blood (decrease in viscosity?), which tends to reduce the blood pressure
when it is excessive. This drug fails us many times.
SOME DRUGS WHICH INFLUENCE THE BLOOD PRESSURE
=Pressure Raisers=
Adrenalin, when injected directly
into a vein or deep into the muscles.
The action is transitory.
Caffeine, preferably in the form
of caffeine-sodium-benzoate. A good
drug.
Strychnine, which does not act directly
but seemingly through the
higher centers.
Ergot, somewhat uncertain.
Nicotine, not used therapeutically.
Camphor, used in sterile olive oil
and injected deeply into the muscles.
Digitalis, when the cardiac tone is
low and decompensation is present.
Its action is prolonged but slow. Injections
of the infundibular portion
of the pituitary body. Not in use
clinically.
=Pressure Depressors=
Nitroglycerine and amyl nitrite,
action transitory but rapid.
Sodium nitrite and erythrol tetranitrate.
Action somewhat more prolonged.
Aconite, veratrum viride, chloral,
etc. These depress the heart.
Purgatives, drastic and hydragogue.
Potassium and sodium iodide may
lower blood pressure. When they do,
the action is prolonged.
Diuretin and theocin-sodium-acetate.
=Venous Pressure=
Comparatively little work has been done upon the determination of the
pressure in the veins in man. It is conceivable that this procedure may,
at times, be of great value. A number of attempts have been made to
measure the venous pressure by compressing the arm veins and noting on a
manometer the force necessary to obliterate the vein. As the pressure is
so slight, water is used instead of mercury, and readings have been
given in centimeters of water.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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