Anatomy, Artistic; Animals in art; Zoological illustration
The tendon in which the muscle ends is inserted into a tuberosity,
situated on the internal surface of the superior extremity of the
radius--the bicipital tuberosity. In the pig, the cat, and the dog,
there is detached from the tendon to which we have just referred a
fasciculus of the same nature, which, after having wound round the
radius, is inserted into the internal surface of the ulna, towards the
base of the olecranon process. From the inferior part of the muscle
arises a fibrous band, comparable to the aponeurotic expansion of the
human biceps; but, instead of passing downwards and inwards, as does the
latter, it terminates on the muscular mass which constitutes the
antero-external part of the forearm.
The biceps is not seen in the superficial layer, except in the dog and
cat (in which the humerus is, in fact, proportionately long); and even
in them only to the slightest extent. It is covered partly in these
latter, and completely in other animals, by the great pectoral and the
inferior portion of the mastoido-humeral--that is to say, that part of
the latter which represents the whole of the clavicular fibres of the
human deltoid.
The biceps is a flexor of the forearm on the arm. It also contributes to
the movement of extension of the humerus.
=Brachialis Anticus= (Fig. 68, 22; Fig. 69, 19; Fig. 70, 27; Fig. 72,
12).--In veterinary anatomy further designated as _the short flexor of
the forearm_, this muscle, which is thick, occupies the musculo-spiral
groove, and arises from it, reaching upwards to just below the head of
the humerus. But it does not, as in man, extend to the internal surface
of the bone.
Situated on the outside of the biceps, it is directed towards the
forearm, and terminates by a flattened tendon, which, dividing into two
slips, passes below the bicipital tuberosity, on the internal surface of
the radius, into which one of these slips is inserted, while the other
proceeds to terminate on the ulna.
The inferior half of this muscle is visible on the superficial layer, in
the space limited posteriorly by the triceps brachialis, and below by
the muscles of the forearm, which correspond to the external muscles of
the human forearm, and in front by the great pectoral and the
mastoido-humeral. It is in the upper part of the interspace which
separates these latter from the brachialis anticus that the deltoid
insinuates itself to proceed to its insertion into the humerus.
These relations precisely recall those which we meet with when we
examine the external surface of the human arm, with this difference,
however--that in the latter the anterior brachialis anticus is
extensively related, in front, to the biceps. However, in animals it is
not absolutely the same, since, as we have shown above, the biceps is
covered, more or less completely, by the mastoido-humeral and the great
pectoral.
The brachialis anticus flexes the forearm on the arm.
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