Astronomical Curiosities: Facts and FallaciesGore, J. Ellard (John Ellard)
Science
Astronomical Curiosities: Facts and Fallacies
Gore, J. Ellard (John Ellard)
Astronomy -- Miscellanea; Solar system -- Miscellanea
The appearance of this temporary star in the Andromeda nebula seems to
afford further evidence against the hypothesis of the nebula being an
external universe. For, as I have shown above, our sun, if placed at a
distance of 150,000 light years, would shine only as a star of the 23rd
magnitude, or over 15 magnitudes fainter than the temporary star. This
would imply that the star shone with a brightness of over a million times
that of the sun, and would therefore indicate a body of enormous size. But
the rapid fading of its light would, on the contrary, imply a body of
comparatively small dimensions. We must, therefore, conclude that the
nebula, whatever it may be, is not an external universe, but forms a
member of our own sidereal system.
In Sir John Herschel's catalogue of Nebulæ and Clusters of Stars,
published in 1833, in the _Philosophical Transactions_ of the Royal
Society, there are many curious objects mentioned. Of these I have
selected the following:--
No. 496 is described as "a superb cluster which fills the whole field;
stars 9, 10 ... 13 magnitude and none below, but the whole ground of the
sky on which it stands is singularly dotted over with infinitely minute
points." This is No. 22 of Sir William Herschel's 6th class, and will be
found about 3 degrees south and a little east of the triple star 29
Monocerotis.
No. 650. This object lies about 3 degrees north of the star μ Leonis, the
most northern of the bright stars in the well-known "Sickle," and is thus
described by Sir John Herschel: "A star 12th magnitude with an extremely
faint nebulous atmosphere about 10" to 12". It is between a star 8-9
magnitude north preceding, and one 10th magnitude south following, neither
of which are so affected. A curious object."
No. 1558. Messier 53. A little north-east of the star α Comæ Berenices.
Described as "a most beautiful highly compressed cluster. Stars very
small, 12th ... 20th magnitude, with scattered stars to a considerable
distance; irregularly round, but not globular. Comes up to a blaze in the
centre; indicating a round mass of pretty equable density. Extremely
compressed. A most beautiful object. A mass of close-wedged stars 5' in
diameter; a few 12th magnitude, the rest of the smallest size and
innumerable." Webb says, "Not very bright with 3-7/10 inches; beautiful
with 9 inches." This should be a magnificent object with a very large
telescope, like the Lick or Yerkes.
No. 2018. "A more than usually condensed portion of the enormous cluster
of the Milky Way. The field has 200 or 300 stars in it at once." This lies
about 2° south-west of the star 6 Aquilæ, which is near the northern edge
of the bright spot of Milky Way light in "Sobieski's Shield"--one of the
brightest spots in the sky.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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