Astronomy Explained Upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles: And made easy to those who have not studied mathematicsFerguson, James
Science
Astronomy Explained Upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles: And made easy to those who have not studied mathematics
Ferguson, James
Astronomy -- Early works to 1800
250. The above 11 minutes 3 seconds, by which the Civil or Julian year
exceeds the Solar, amounts to 11 days in 1433 years: and so much our
seasons have fallen back with respect to the days of the months, since
the time of the _Nicene_ Council in _A.D._ 325, and therefore in order
to bring back all the Fasts and Festivals to the days then settled, it
was requisite to suppress 11 nominal days. And that the same seasons
might be kept to the same times of the year for the future, to leave out
the Bissextile day in _February_ at the end of every century of years
not divisible by 4; reckoning them only common years, as the 17th, 18th
and 19th centuries, _viz._ the years 1700, 1800, 1900, _&c._ because a
day intercalated every fourth year was too much, and retaining the
Bissextile-day at the end of those Centuries of years which are
divisible by 4, as the 16th, 20th and 24th Centuries; _viz._ the years
1600, 2000, 2400, _&c._ Otherwise, in length of time the seasons would
have been quite reversed with regard to the months of the years; though
it would have required near 23,783 years to have brought about such a
total change. If the Earth had made exactly 365-1/4 diurnal rotations on
its axis, whilst it revolved from any Equinoctial or Solstitial point to
the same again, the Civil and Solar years would always have kept pace
together; and the style would never have needed any alteration.
[Sidenote: The Precession of the Equinoctial Points.]
251. Having already mentioned the cause of the Precession of the
Equinoctial points in the heavens, § 246, which occasions a flow
deviation of the earth’s axis from its parallelism, and thereby a change
of the declination of the Stars from the Equator, together with a slow
apparent motion of the Stars forward with respect to the Signs of the
Ecliptic; we shall now describe the Phenomena by a Diagram.
[Sidenote: Fig. V.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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