comes to _f_, he again passes by the Sun, and disappears as before. In going from _n_ to _h_ in his Orbit, he seems to go backward in the Heavens from _E_ to _A_; and in going from _h_ to _n_, he seems to go forward from _A_ to _E_. As he goes on from _f_ a little of his enlightened side at _g_ is seen from _E_; at _h_ he appears half full, because half of his enlightened side is seen; at _i_, gibbous, or more than half full; and at _k_ he would appear quite full, were he not hid from the Earth _E_ by the Sun _S_. At _l_ he appears gibbous again; at _n_ half decreased, at _o_ horned, and at _f_ new like the Moon at her Change. He goes sooner from his eastern station at _n_ to his western station at _h_ than from _h_ to _n_ again; because he goes through less than half his Orbit in the former case, and more in the latter. [Sidenote: Fig. III. The Elongations and Phases of Venus. The greatest Elongations of Mercury and Venus.] 144. In the same Figure, let _FGHIKLMN_ be the Orbit in which Venus _v_ moves round the Sun _S_, according to the order of the letters: and let _E_ be the Earth as before. When Venus is at _F_ she is in her inferiour Conjunction; and disappears like the New Moon because her dark side is toward the Earth. At _G_ she appears half enlightened to the Earth, like the Moon in her first quarter: at _h_ she appears gibbous; at _I_, almost full; her enlightened side being then nearly towards the Earth: at _K_, she would appear quite full to the Earth _E_; but is hid from it by the Sun _S_: at _L_, she appears upon the decrease, or gibbous; at _M_, more so; at _N_, only half enlightened; and at _F_ she disappears again. In moving from _N_ to _G_, she seems to go backward in the Heavens; and from _G_ to _N_, forward: but, as she describes a much greater portion of her Orbit in going from _G_ to _N_ than from _N_ to _G_, she appears much longer direct than retrograde in her motion. At _N_ and _G_ she appears stationary; as Mercury does at _n_ and _h_. Mercury, when stationary seems to be only 28 degrees from the Sun; and Venus when so, 47; which is a demonstration that Mercury’s Orbit is included within Venus’s, and Venus’s within the Earth’s. [Sidenote: Morning and Evening Star, what.] 145. Venus, from her superiour Conjunction at _K_ to her inferiour Conjunction at _F_ is seen on the east side of the Sun _S_ from the Earth. _E_; and therefore she shines in the Evening after the Sun sets, and is called _the Evening Star_: for, the Sun being then to the westward of Venus, he must set first. From her inferiour Conjunction to her superiour, she appears on the west side of the Sun; and therefore rises before him, for which reason she is called _the Morning Star_. When she is about _N_ or _G_, she shines so bright, that bodies cast shadows in the night-time. [Sidenote: PLATE II. The stationary places of the Planets variable.]