Astronomy in a nutshell : $b The chief facts and principles explained in popular language for the general reader and for schoolsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy in a nutshell : $b The chief facts and principles explained in popular language for the general reader and for schools
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
While the reader who wishes to pursue the study of the constellations in
detail must be referred to some of the works before mentioned, or others
of like character, it is possible here to aid him in making a
preliminary acquaintance with other constellations beside those included
in our little chart, by taking each of the months in turn, and
describing the constellations which he will see on or near the meridian
south of the border of the chart at the same time that the polar
constellations corresponding to the month selected are on or near the
meridian in the north. Thus, at 9 P.M. about the first of January, the
constellation Perseus, lying in a rich part of the Milky Way, is nearly
overhead and directly south of the North Star. This constellation is
marked by a curved row of stars, the brightest of which, of the second
magnitude, is Algenib, or α Persei. A few degrees south-west of Algenib
is the wonderful variable Algol. East of Perseus is seen the very
brilliant white star Capella in the constellation Auriga. This is one of
the brightest stars in the sky. Almost directly south of Perseus, the
eye will be caught by the glimmering cluster of the Pleiades in the
constellation Taurus. A short distance south-east of the Pleiades is the
group of the Hyades in Taurus, shaped like the letter V, with the
beautiful reddish star Aldebaran in the upper end of the southern branch
of the letter. The ecliptic runs between the Pleiades and the Hyades.
Still lower in the south will be seen a part of the long-winding
constellation Eridanus, the River Po. Its stars are not bright but they
appear in significant rows and streams.
About the first of February the constellation Auriga is on the meridian
not far from overhead, Capella lying toward the west. Directly under
Auriga, two rather conspicuous stars mark the tips of the horns of
Taurus, imagined as a gigantic bull, and south of these, with its centre
on the equator, scintillates the magnificent constellation Orion, the
most splendid in all the sky, with two great first-magnitude stars, one,
in the shoulder of the imaginary giant, of an orange hue, called
Betelguese, and the other in the foot, of a blue-white radiance, called
Rigel. Between these is stretched the straight line of the “belt,”
consisting of three beautiful second-magnitude stars, about a degree and
a half apart. Their names, beginning with the western one, are Mintaka,
Alnilam, and Alnitah. Directly under the belt, in the midst of a short
row of faint stars called the “sword,” is the great Orion nebula. It
will be observed that the three stars of the belt point, though not
exactly, toward the brightest of all stars, Sirius, in the constellation
Canis Major, the Great Dog, which is seen advancing from the east. Under
Orion is a little constellation named Lepus, the Hare.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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