Astronomy in a nutshell : $b The chief facts and principles explained in popular language for the general reader and for schoolsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy in a nutshell : $b The chief facts and principles explained in popular language for the general reader and for schools
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Nevertheless, although Jupiter appears to be in a cloud-like state, it
does not shine with light of its own, so that its temperature, while no
doubt higher than that of the earth, cannot approach anywhere near that
of the sun. We do not know of what materials Jupiter is composed, for
spectroscopic analysis applies especially to bodies which shine with
their own light. When they shine only by reflected light received from
the sun, their spectra resemble the regular solar spectrum, except for
the presence of faint bands due to absorption in the planet's
atmosphere. It may be that there are no elements of great atomic
density, such as iron or lead, in the globe of Jupiter. Yet in the
course of long ages the planet may become smaller and more condensed, in
consequence of the escape of its internal heat. In this way Jupiter may
be regarded as representing an intermediate stage of evolution between
an altogether vaporous and very hot body like the sun, and a cool and
solid one like the earth.
Jupiter presents a magnificent appearance in a good telescope. Its
oblong disk is seen crossed in an east and west direction, and parallel
to its equator, by broad, vari-coloured bands, called belts. These
frequently change in form and, to some extent, in situation, as well as
in number. But there are always at least two wide belts, one on each
side of the equator. In 1878 a very remarkable feature was noticed just
south of the principal south belt of Jupiter, which has become
celebrated under the name of the Great Red Spot. In a few years after
its discovery its colour faded, but it still remains visible, with
varying degrees of distinctness, as an oblong marking, about 30,000
miles long and 7000 miles broad. The outer border of the great south
belt bends away from the spot, as if some force of repulsion acted
between them, or as if the spot were an elevation round which the clouds
of the belt flowed like a river round a projecting headland. The nature
of this curious spot is unknown. Other smaller spots, sometimes white,
sometimes dusky, occasionally make their appearance, but they do not
exhibit the durability of the Great Red Spot.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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