Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly BodiesTodd, David P. (David Peck)
History
Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly Bodies
Todd, David P. (David Peck)
Astronomy
To all spectators, savage or civilized, scientist or layman, a total
eclipse is wonderful and impressive. Langley said: "The spectacle is one
of which, though the man of science may prosaically state the facts,
perhaps only the poet could render the impression." Very gradually the
moon steals its way across the face of the sun, the lessened light is
hardly noticed. If one is near a tree through whose foliage the sunlight
filters, an extraordinary sight is seen; the ground all about is covered
with luminous crescents, instead of the overlapping disks which were
there before the eclipse came on; in both cases they are images of the
disk of the sun at the time, and the narrowing crescents will be watched
with interest as totality approaches. Then the shadow bands may be seen
flitting across the landscape, like "visible wind." They are probably
related to our atmosphere and the very slender crescent from which true
sunlight still comes.
Then for a few seconds the moon's actual shadow may be caught in its
approach, very suddenly the darkness steals over the landscape
and--totality is on. How lucky if there are no clouds! Every eye is
riveted on "the incomparable corona, a silvery, soft, unearthly light,
with radiant streamers, stretching at times millions of uncomprehended
miles into space, while the rosy flaming protuberances skirt the black
rim of the moon in ethereal splendor."
Then it is now or never with observer and photographer. Months of
diligent preparations at home followed by weeks of tedious journey
abroad, with days of strenuous preparation and rehearsals at the
station--all go for naught unless the whole is tuned up to perfect
operation the instant totality begins. It may last but a minute, or even
less; in 1937, however, total eclipse will last 7 minutes 20 seconds,
the longest ever observed, and within half a minute of the longest
possible. All is over as suddenly as it came on. The first thing is to
complete records, develop plates, and see if everything worked
perfectly.
There is great utility back of all eclipse research, on account of its
wide bearing on meteorology and terrestrial physics, and possibly the
direct use of solar energy for industrial purposes. With this purpose in
view the astronomer devotes himself unsparingly to the acquisition of
every possible fact about the sun and his corona.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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