Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly BodiesTodd, David P. (David Peck)
History
Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly Bodies
Todd, David P. (David Peck)
Astronomy
A vigorous attack on the problem of the evolution and structure of the
stellar universe as a whole is now being conducted by cooperation of
many observatories in both hemispheres. It is known as the Kapteyn "Plan
of Selected Areas," embracing 206 regions which are distributed
regularly over the entire sky. Besides this a special plan includes
forty-six additional regions, either very rich or extremely poor in
stars, or to which other interest attaches.
Of all investigators Kapteyn has gone into the question of our precise
location in the Milky Way most thoroughly, concluding that the solar
system lies, not at the center in the exact plane, but somewhat to the
north of the Galaxy. Discussing the Sirian stars he finds that if stars
of equal brightness are compared, the Sirians average nearly three times
more distance from the sun than those of the solar type. So, probably,
the Sirians far exceed the Solars in intrinsic brightness. Farther,
Kapteyn concludes that the Galaxy has no connection with our solar
system, and is composed of a vast encircling annulus or ring of stars,
far exceeding in number the stars of the great central solar cluster,
and everywhere exceedingly remote from these stars, as well as differing
from them in physical type and constitution. So it would be mainly the
mere element of distance that makes them appear so faint and crowded
thickly together into that gauzy girdle which we call the Galaxy.
The Milky Way reveals irregularities of stellar density and star
clustering on a large scale, with deep rifts between great clouds of
stars. Modern photographs, particularly those of Barnard in Sagittarius,
make this very apparent. Within the Milky Way, nearly in its plane and
almost central, is what Eddington terms the inner stellar system, near
the center of which is the sun. Surrounding it and near its plane are
the masses of star clouds which make up the Milky Way. Whether these
star clouds are isolated from the inner system or continuous with it, is
not yet ascertained.
The vast masses of the Milky Way stars are very faint, and we know
nothing yet as to their proper motions, their radial motions, or their
spectra. Probably a few stars as bright as the sixth magnitude are
actually located in the midst of the Milky Way clusters, the fainter
ninth magnitude stars certainly begin the Milky Way proper, while the
stars of the twelfth or thirteenth magnitude carry us into the very
depths of the Galaxy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account