Auroræ: Their Characters and SpectraCapron, J. Rand
History
Auroræ: Their Characters and Spectra
Capron, J. Rand
Auroras
This instance would seem strongly opposed to the theory of a connexion
between Aurora and ozone but for the fact that on the 2nd, when the
Aurora was seen at night, and on other days in the same month, Dr.
Allnatt has recorded a strong wave of antozone to have swept over the
whole of England, and blanched the ozone-papers, however deep their
coloration might have previously been. Indeed, it is easy to understand
that some antozonic influence may, at times, disturb the evidence of the
test-papers, even in so elevated and apparently pure an atmosphere as
that of Frant.
It may not be considered that the foregoing instances are enough to
establish a case of ozone=Aurora; but there seems, at least, sufficient
to base a requisition for further inquiry upon.
It would, too, be interesting to investigate whether Auroræ and ozone
development are respectively localized. Mr. Ingall’s fine Aurora, seen
at Champion Hill, S.E., July 18th, 1874 (_antè_, pp. 22 and 23), was not
observed at Frant, and the ozonoscopes there were described as blanched
by antozone.
APPENDIX E.
INQUIRIES INTO THE SPECTRUM OF THE AURORA.
BY H. C. VOGEL.[18]
The frequent appearance of the Aurora in the past winter, as well as
this spring, has given me opportunity to institute exact inquiries into
the spectrum of the Aurora. It is known that the nature of Auroræ is as
yet but little explored. It has been considered necessary to abandon
the former view—that they are discharges of the electricity collected
at the poles—because it has been hitherto found impossible to bring the
chief lines of the Aurora-spectrum into coincidence with the spectra of
the atmospheric gases. Theoretical considerations, based on the great
alterations to which the spectrum of the same gas is subject under
varying conditions of temperature and density, have very recently led
Zöllner to the opinion that probably the spectrum of the _Aurora does not
coincide with any known spectrum_ of the atmospheric gases, only because
it is a spectrum of another form of our atmosphere hitherto incapable of
artificial demonstration[19].
The following article will show how far I have succeeded, in conjunction
with Dr. Lohse, in supporting this view by exact observations of the
Aurora-spectrum itself, as well as by comparison with the spectra of the
gases constituting the air.
The star-spectrum apparatus belonging to the 11-inch equatorial of the
Bothkamp Observatory was used for these observations. It consists of
a set of prisms _à vision directe_, five prisms with refracting angle
90°, slit, collimator, and observing telescope. The lowest eyepiece
(magnifying four times) of this telescope was employed. The telescope is
capable of being moved in such a way, by the aid of a micrometer-screw,
that different portions of the spectrum can be brought into the centre
of the field of vision. As fractions of the rotation of this screw are
marked, the distances of the spectral lines can be readily found.
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