Australia -- Politics and government; Great Britain -- Colonies -- Australia
Their recommendations were embodied in a {137} measure introduced in
1895 and passed in the following session, but limited in its operation,
by the action of the Council, to a period of four years. Its most
important provisions aim at the protection of the workers in those
industries in which they are least able to protect themselves. The
desire of the Government was to get persons as far as possible to work
in factories and to deal with the difficulty of outworkers by a system
of permits. Clause 13 of the Bill prohibited the making up of apparel
outside a factory except by those who had received a permit from the
chief inspector, which was not to be given unless he were satisfied
that the person applying for it was prevented by domestic duties or
bodily affliction from working inside a factory or workroom. Employers
were to keep a record showing the work done by holders of permits,
their names and addresses, and the amount of remuneration, which was to
be forwarded periodically to the chief inspector, and might be
published in the Government Gazette at the discretion of the Governor
in Council. The number of outworkers would be reduced to a minimum,
and the fear of publicity would act as a check upon their employers. A
further protection was afforded to makers of furniture and of clothing
or wearing apparel, including boots and shoes, by clauses under which
the Governor in Council was authorised to appoint special Boards,
consisting of a chairman and four members, of whom two were to be
representatives {138} of occupiers of factories and workrooms in which
such articles were prepared or manufactured, and two of the persons
employed in wholly or partly preparing such articles. The Board was to
determine the lowest rate which should be paid to the employes, whether
working inside or outside a factory. The Assembly added another clause
which authorised the appointment of similar Boards for the
determination of the hours of labour in any manufacturing industry, but
the Council refused to accept it, and also rejected the clause which
prohibited outside work by others than holders of permits. They
introduced amendments which provided that the discretionary publication
of particulars in the Gazette should be limited to cases in which an
employer had been convicted for some contravention of the Factories and
Shops Acts, and that the special Wage Boards should be elective, in the
belief that it would be dangerous to vest the power of appointment in
the Governor in Council, since it would actually be exercised by the
Chief Secretary. The Government agreed to the former of these
amendments, as the value of the right of publication was lessened by
the Council's acceptance of the principle of the Wage Boards; but upon
the other points of difference a conflict ensued between the two
Houses, which resulted in the final decision that the Boards are to be
elective, and that outworkers will not be required to obtain a permit,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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