The chief type of Phyllocarid in the Silurian is _Ceratiocaris_ (Fig. 119). The carapace is typically ovate, straight on one edge, the dorsal, and convexly curved on the other, the ventral. They resemble bean-pods in outline, hence the name "pod-shrimps." Several species are known from the Victorian shales, mudstones, and sandstones; the forms found in Australia if complete would seldom attain five inches in length, whilst some British species are known to reach the exceptional length of two feet. The long, grooved and jointed telson is not uncommon in the sandstones of Melbourne and Kilmore. Other genera described from Victoria are _Aptychopsis_ and _Dithyrocaris_. =Lower Cretaceous Crab.--= The earliest example of the _DECAPODA_ in the Australian rocks, so far recorded, is the Lower Cretaceous _Prosopon etheridgei_ (Fig. 120 A) from Queensland, which has affinities with some Jurassic and Neocomian crabs found in Europe. Other crustacean remains of less decipherable nature occur in this same deposit. [Illustration: =Fig. 120--FOSSIL CRABS and INSECTS.= A--Prosopon etheridgei, H. Woodw. L. Cretaceous. Queensland B--Ommatocarcinus corioensis, Cressw. sp. Cainozoic (Jan.) Vic. C--Harpactocarcinus tumidus, H. Woodw. Cainozoic (Oamaru). New Zealand D--Aeschna flindersensis, H. Woodw. L. Cretaceous. Queensland E--Ephemera culleni, Eth. fil. and Olliff. Cainozoic (Deep Leads). New South Wales ] =Cainozoic Crabs.--= Of the Cainozoic decapod Crustacea there is a Victorian species of a stalk-eyed crab, _Ommatocarcinus corioensis_ (Fig. 120 B), found in the marls of Curlewis and Port Campbell, and probably of Janjukian age. Various portions of similar Crustacea, consisting of claws and fragmentary carapaces, are found from time to time in the Victorian clays and limestones of Balcombian and Janjukian ages, but they are insufficient for identification. A carapace of one of the Oxystomata (with rounded cephalo-thorax and non-salient frontal region) has occurred in the Kalimnan marl of the Beaumaris Cliffs, Port Phillip. It is closely allied to a crab now found in Hobson's Bay and generally along the Victorian coast. Remains of a shore-crab (Fam. Cancridae) are found at three localities, in the Oamaru Series, in New Zealand; near Brighton, in Nelson and at Wharekuri in the Waitaki Valley. It has been described under the name of _Harpactocarcinus tumidus_ (Fig. 120 C), a genus of the Cyclometopa or "bow crabs." =Pleistocene Lobster.--= Numerous remains of a lobster, _Thalassina emerii_ (see _antea_, Fig. 20), supposed to be of Pleistocene age, occur in nodules found on Queensland and North Australian (Port Darwin) beaches. =Eurypterids in the Silurian.--=