_Sima laeviceps_ is a very curious elongated shining black ant with reddish brown antennae and tarsi, which ranges up the Queensland coast to N.W. Australia, and is found crawling about on tree trunks, when touched curling its body up like a wasp and shamming death. * * * * * The sub-family DOLICHODERINAE comprises a number of small or medium sized ants living often in very large communities and having naked pupae. The base of the abdomen consists of a single small node with no constriction between the two following segments; sting practically wanting (rudimentary). The typical Genus _Dolichoderus_ is represented here by five species widely distributed. _D. doriae_ is common about Sydney living in large communities under logs, often clustered over each other like a swarm of bees; they collect on the leaves of eucalypts, upon which the sugar lerp psylla, (_Spondylaspis eucalypti_) constructs its larval scales, and suck or lick up the sugary exudation. This ant measures ¼ of an inch in length; the head and thorax are black and roughened; the legs reddish brown, and the flattened heart-shaped abdomen clothed with a silvery pubescence. _Leptomyrmex erythrocephalus_ might well be called the “Silly Ant” from the aimless manner in which it rushes about with its head stuck up in the air, and its abdomen curled over its back. They live in underground nests sometimes deep down, but others live under stones; they are slender-bodied, long-legged black ants under ½ an inch in length, with an oval red head, rounded behind with long slender antennae, and the front of the thorax produced into a slender neck. In some varieties the whole of the thorax, legs, and head are yellowish brown.