New York, first impressions of, 28; business headquarters of America, 149. Nineteenth Century Club, New York, 150. Ocean surveys, 261. Ogden, Robert C., 277. Oil wells, 136-39. Oliver, Hon. H.W., 42, 49. Omaha Bridge, 164, 165. Optimism, 3, 162; optimist and pessimist, 323. Organs, in churches, 278, 279. _Our Coaching Trip_, quoted, 48, 110; privately published, 212. Palmer, Courtlandt, 150. Panama Canal, 359, 360, 372. Pan-American Congress, 345, 346. Panic of 1873, the, 171, 172, 189-93. Park, James, pioneer steel-maker of Pittsburgh, 199, 200. Parliament, membership and meetings, 315. Partnership better than corporation, 221. Patiemuir College, 2. Pauncefote, Sir Julian, and Mr. Blaine, 355; the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 359, 360. Peabody, George, his body brought home on the warship Monarch, 282. Peabody, George Foster, 277. Peace, Mr. Carnegie's work for, 282-86; Palace, at The Hague, 284, 285. Peace Society of New York, 285, 286. Peacock, Alexander R., partner of Mr. Carnegie, 203. Pennsylvania Railroad Company, builds first iron bridge, 115-17; aids Union Pacific Railway, 163, 164; aids Allegheny Valley Railway, 167-71; aids Pennsylvania Steel Works, 185. _See also_ Carnegie, Andrew, _Railroad experience_. Pennsylvania Steel Works, the, 185. Pessimist and optimist, story of, 323. Philadelphia and Erie Railroad, 167-70. Philippines, the, annexation of, 358, 362-65. Phillips, Col. William, 167, 168, 169. Phipps, Henry, 31, 130; advertises for work, 131, 132; crony and partner of Thomas Carnegie, 132; controversy over opening conservatories on Sunday, 132, 133; European tour, 142; in charge of the Lucy Furnace, 181, 182; statement about Mr. Carnegie and his partners, 196, 197; goes into the steel business, 201. Phipps, John, 46; killed, 76. Pig iron, manufacture of, 178, 179; importance of chemistry in, 181-84. Pilot Knob mine, 183. Piper, Col. John L., partner of Mr. Carnegie, 116, 117; had a craze for horses, 118, 121; attachment to Thomas Carnegie, 118, 119; relations with James B. Eads, 120. Pitcairn, Robert, division superintendent, Pennsylvania Railroad, 42, 44, 49, 66, 189. Pittencrieff Glen, bought and given to Dunfermline, 286-89, 291. Pittsburgh, in 1850, 39-41; some of its leading men, 41; in 1860, 93; later development, 348. Pittsburgh, Bank of, 194. Pittsburgh Locomotive Works, 115. Pittsburgh Theater, 46, 48, 49. Political corruption, 109. Predestination, doctrine of, 75. Principals' Week, 272. Pritchett, Dr. Henry S., president of the Carnegie Endowment for the Advancement of Learning, 268. Private pension fund, 279, 280. _Problems of To-day_, quoted, 40, 217. Protective tariffs, 146-48. Prousser, Mr., chemist, 222. Public speaking, 210. Pullman, George M., 157, 159; forms Pullman Palace Car Company, 160, 161; anecdote of, 162; becomes a director of the Union Pacific, 164.