(M666) The laborer had to be bound to perform his task. A penalty was
attached to his failure to appear at the proper time, and guarantees were
sometimes taken for his appearance. In other cases it is stipulated that
the penalty for non-appearance shall be fixed by the king’s decision.(719)
(M667) It was usual to name expressly the time of his commencing and
leaving off his work. These clauses are incidentally of importance as
fixing the names and sequence of the months at this period. Thus, from the
example below we see that the month Tirinu preceded Elul.
(M668) Of course, the employer took all responsibility for the slave whom
he hired. He fed and clothed him during his term of service. If he
suffered any injury, the employer had to compensate the master.
Occasionally the slave clothed himself,(720) and then his wages were
higher.
As an example we may take the following:(721)
Nâmir-nûrshu from Rutum, Rîsh-Shamash, son of Marduk-nâṣir, for
wages, for one year, has hired. His wages for one year,
twenty-four _ḲA_ of oil, he shall pay, and he shall clothe him. In
Elul he shall enter, in Tirinu he shall leave. Two witnesses.
Dated in the reign of Ḥammurabi.
(M669) In the Assyrian times we have certain examples of advances of corn,
or money, at harvest-time for the payment of reapers, which have already
been noticed under loans.(722) An advance of money and food to workmen may
perhaps be put here. But it is also a contract to do work. It reads thus:
Shamash-bâni-aplu, Latubashâni, Ukîn-abîa, Aḫu ... in all four
workmen. Two talents of bronze, three homers one _ŠE_ of cooked
corn. On the tenth of the month they shall do the work. All the
repairs and the beams they shall make fast. They shall fix the
balks, and set up the roof. If the bricks are not sufficient ...
the month they do not give, they shall work and finish. Then
follow seven witnesses. Dated on the sixth of some month, B.C.
734.
Unfortunately, parts of the tablet are injured and so the sense is not at
all clear; but the workmen seem to have had four days in which to do the
work. The price offered was considerable.
In later Babylonian times we do not obtain much further information. Here
is a good example:(723)
From the twentieth of Nisan to the tenth of Ab, Zamama-iddin, son
of Shamash-uballiṭ, son of the smith, shall be at the disposal of
Nabû-usallim, son of Limnîa, and he shall pay him as his wages ten
shekels of silver. He shall pay half the wages in Nisan and the
rest in Tammuz. Whoever breaks the contract shall pay five shekels
of silver.
The hire is nearly thirty shekels a year, as in the next example:(724)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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