So-called "Pasteurised" milk has become during the last year or so increasingly popular in this country, whilst on the Continent it has been largely dealt in for several years past, and has commercially proved a great success. Indeed, so strong is the prejudice amongst our neighbours across the Channel against using unboiled milk that in Leipzig and other cities in Germany endeavours have been made by charitable and other societies to encourage the use of sterile milk amongst the poorer classes, whilst it has been stated that the introduction of Pasteurised milk among the poor of New York City, through the philanthropic efforts of Mr. Nathan Straus, has done much to reduce the high rate of mortality amongst infants during the hot summer months. In France, _i.e._ in Paris and Grenoble, in order to reduce if possible the lamentable mortality amongst infants from diarrhoea in the summer months, which was largely attributed to the use of unboiled milk, sterilised milk was distributed to the poor at the cost of the community in general. In Grenoble, according to statistics collected by Berlioz during the years 1894-6, the death-rate of infants under a year old in the months of July, August, and September fed on raw milk reached 69·3 per 1,000, whilst amongst those supplied with sterilised milk it was reduced to 27·9 per 1,000. Just, however, as all is not gold that glitters, so all sterilised milk so-called is not necessarily free from bacteria. Indeed, according to a recent German authority, "the complete and certain sterilisation of milk is not yet to hand." Dr. Weber examined the sterilised milk as supplied by various companies in the city of Berlin. As many as 150 bottles were tested from eight different sources, with the result that not one of these eight companies was found to be supplying milk free from bacteria, or, in other words, what it professed to be--sterile. True, the percentage of sterile bottles varied from 5 per cent. in some of the supplies to 86 per cent. in others. Thus it may be realised how, as has been already pointed out, difficult a matter it is to devise an efficient apparatus for the reliable sterilisation of milk. So far it appears that the best results have been obtained with an apparatus devised by Flaack, a director of the Brunswick Sterilising Milk Company, and known as the Flaack apparatus. Exhaustive examinations made during the course of a whole year in the Hygienic Institute at Würzburg never once showed a failure, all the samples tested being germ-free.