Credit "acceptance" line, 103; balance, 16, 18-20, 23, 25; cooperation in, 166-168; department in banks, 43, 86; inflation of, 87; "line" of, 16, 85, 86; subsidies, state, county, and municipal, 169; system, 11-13 Credits, forced liquidation of, 49 Credit Agricole, 162; Foncier, 113; Industrielle et Commercial, 115, 116; Lyonnais, 115, 116 Crisis, commercial, 19, 31, 88 Currency, 21, 22; lack of elasticity, 95-97 Debt paying, 13, 14 Debits, 15-18 Demand in foreign exchange, 33, 34 Deposits, 2-4 Depositors, mutual insurance of, 60-62 Discount, defined, 14; loans and discounts, selection of, 40-43; loans and rates, 44; operation of, 13; rate, Canadian, 128, 129; bank of England, 108; bank of France, 113; reserve system, 95, 97; stopped, 30 Discounted paper, 14, 15, 17-19, 55 Documented bill of exchange, 42 Domestic exchange, 25 Drafts, 16, 27, 28; foreign payments, 31 England, bank of, 9, 104-111; banking system, 104-111; foreign and colonial, 108; joint stock banks, 106; metropolitan, 107; private, 108; provincial, 107; reserve system, 108 Europe, commercial banking in, 101-126; central banks of, 101-126; land banks, 147-163 European investment banking machinery, 166 Exchange operations, 11-13; checks, 22-24; domestic, 25-31; foreign, 31-34 Federal Reserve Banks, 98-100; Federal Reserve Board, 99, 100 Foncier Algierienne, 162 Foreign exchange, 31-34; _par of_, 31, 32; classes of bills used, 33 France, bank of, 9, 111-115 French banking system, 111-119 German banking system, 119-126; hypothekenaktienbanken, 151, 152; investment banking machinery, 166; land and mortgage banks, 147-161; landschaften, 147-149; Schulze-Delitzsch, 153-162; Raiffeisen, 156-162 Germany, bank of, 9, 119-123 Gold element of currency, 5, 96; points, 32, 33; and silver coin in England, 105, 106; in France, 113; Canada, 133 Incorporation, 7; should be required, 66 Independent treasury system, 75-78 Inflation, 49-53, 56-59; of credit, 87 Inspection of banks, 59, 60 Insurance, mutual of depositors, 60, 62 Investment, banking, 136-170; commercial paper, 41, 42; confined to liquid securities, 52; defects in machinery, 166; improvement of machinery, 170; paper, 18, 35, 41, 55; of surplus funds, 3 Italy, land banks, 162, 163 Joint-stock mortgage banks, 169; English joint-stock banks, 106; German, 151-159 Kansas "blue sky laws," 146 Land banks, 147-163 Letters of credit, 21 "Line" of credit, 16, 85, 86 Liquidation, forced, 19, 88; of credits, 49, 50; protection against, 52 Liquid securities, 53 Loan operations, 85-88