Barium: A Cause of the Loco-Weed DiseaseCrawford, Albert C. (Albert Cornelius)
Science
Barium: A Cause of the Loco-Weed Disease
Crawford, Albert C. (Albert Cornelius)
Astragalus earlei; Barium
One lot of _Aragallus lamberti_ collected at Hugo, Colo., in May, 1905,
and which gave an ash content of 37.3 per cent, was found to yield 3
milligrams of BaSO_{4} from 1.998 grams of ash, or 173.88 milligrams of
Ba(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})_{2}+H_{2}O in 200 grams of the dried plant, but this
ash also contained 0.27 per cent of SO_{3}. The Bureau of Chemistry
reported the barium to correspond to 2.9 milligrams of BaSO_{4} in 2.45
grams of the ash.
The _Astragalus missouriensis_ (Hugo, June, 1907), with an ash content
of 21.8 per cent, gave 3 milligrams of BaSO_{4} in 2.01 grams of ash,
or 76.58 milligrams of Ba(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})_{2}+H_{2}O in 200 grams of
the dried plant. The residue after weighing was tested spectroscopically
and gave a bright barium spectrum.
The _Astragalus drummondii_ from Custer, S. Dak. (1906), _Astragalus
mollissimus_ from Kit Carson County, Colo. (December, 1906), and
_Astragalus nitidus_ from Woodland Park, Colo. (October, 1907), were
reported by the Bureau of Chemistry to contain no barium.
The ash of the _Astragalus pectinatus_ (Hugo, June, 1907) was reported
by the Bureau of Chemistry to show no barium on spectroscopic
examination.
Two grams of active loco plant ash yielded from 5 to 6 milligrams of
BaSO_{4}, but it can be easily seen that in multiplying this amount to
correspond to 200 grams of the dried plant errors would be likely to
arise, so that the whole amount of barium would not necessarily be
accounted for.
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FOOTNOTES:
[188] Hillebrand, W. F. Analysis of Silicate and Carbonate
Rocks. U. S. Geol. Surv. Bul. 305, p. 116. 1907. See also
Folin, O., On the Reduction of Barium Sulphate in Ordinary
Gravimetric Determinations, in Journ. Biol. Chem., vol. 3, p.
81. 1907.
[189] All the determinations of barium which resulted either
positively or negatively were made with the same bottle of
sodium carbonate and H_{2}SO_{4}, so that impurities in the
chemicals were thus eliminated.
[190] Report from Bureau of Chemistry.
=ANALYSIS OF SOILS.=
One sample of the soil from near Hugo, Colo., from which the _Aragallus
lamberti_ was collected, was examined by the Bureau of Soils, and that
Bureau reported the absence of barium and zirconium, at least of any
recognizable by the chemical methods used, so that it can not be said
that the barium came from any soil accidentally mixed with the ash.
Traces of titanium were, however, found. Evidently the plant must
collect minimal quantities of these elements from the soil and store
them.
The water from a well of an adjacent area was examined by the Bureau of
Chemistry and reported to contain 37.4 parts of calcium and 13.7 parts
of magnesium in one million, and that the water contained no
barium.[191]
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FOOTNOTES:
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