_Bridgeport Farmer_, Bridgeport, Conn., for various periods. _The Spirit of the Times_, a New York newspaper, Sept., 1850, and June 14, 1851. _Philadelphia Sunday Dispatch_, Sept., 1850, and February, 1852. _Encyclopedia Britannica._ Articles on Barnum, Giants and Dwarfs, Benjamin Robert Haydon. FOOTNOTES [1] _From Sea to Sea_, by Rudyard Kipling. American edition, Doubleday, Page & Co. P. 175. [2] Autograph letter. Gordon L. Ford Collection, Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, New York Public Library. This letter bears no date, but since Barnum mentions that he will be in Charleston, S. C., it was possibly written during the Jenny Lind tour in 1850. There is no trace of the Mr. Baker to whom it is addressed, or of his letters to Barnum. [3] It is interesting in this connection that during the late war a spiritual medium visited Mr. Leonidas Westervelt, a collector of material on Barnum, with the information that she had been in communication with the showman. His spirit told the medium: “Look out for the Germans. Remember, the first man who cheated me was a German.” The first man who cheated Barnum was his grandfather; but he doubtless forgot that in the harmony of his extra-mundane existence. [4] Editors sometimes sold their commendations, and Barnum frequently paid for his publicity in advertising. The following note from Barnum to Gordon L. Ford, business manager of the _New York Tribune_ under Whitelaw Reid, speaks all too clearly for itself: “New York, March 24, 1873. “MY DEAR MR. FORD: “Pray don’t fail to have a good notice given in your _Weekly_ which will contain our big illustrated advertisement and oblige “P. T. BARNUM.” Autograph letter. Gordon L. Ford Collection, Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, New York Public Library. [5] _Illustrated London News_, August 31, 1844. [6] Autograph Letter in the Theater Collection, Harvard College Library. General Tom Thumb in this letter, one of the few letters he wrote that are extant, gives his official age, according to Barnum, and not his actual birth year. He was born on January 11, 1838, but since Barnum had added six years to his age when he first exhibited him, the General retained that method of calculation carefully for many years. He is the only stage celebrity known who found it to his advantage to increase his age. This letter was written when the General was nine years old. [7] _Memoir of Madame Jenny Lind-Goldschmidt: Her Early Art-Life and Dramatic Career. 1820–1851. From Original Documents, Letters, MS. Diaries, &c., Collected by Mr. Otto Goldschmidt (her husband)._ By Henry Scott Holland and W. S. Rockstro. Two volumes. London: John Murray, 1891. [8] Bayard Taylor, by Albert H. Smyth, pp. 82–83. Houghton Mifflin, 1896. [9] Letter from Julia Knapp to Miss Susan N. Knapp, Greenwich, Conn. In the collection of Leonidas Westervelt.