Barotseland : $b eight years among the BarotseStirke, D. E. C.
History
Barotseland : $b eight years among the Barotse
Stirke, D. E. C.
Western Province (Zambia)
_Totems._—This is a subject that might well come under the heading of
religion, as doubtless, in earlier times the family totem was held in
great respect and reverence. To-day however, the totem is rapidly
disappearing from the Barozi, and many young men will tell you that
they are unaware of their family totems. This is very largely due to
intermarriage and amalgamation with other tribes. It must be remembered
that a child took the joint totem of its father and mother, when one
considers this and remembers also that the father and mother in turn
held the joint totems of their parents and so on _ad infinitum_, it
will be quite easy to understand the extreme difficulty in arriving at
accurate information from a naturally lazy and careless people who have,
apparently, never had any methods of record. There is no doubt that the
mother’s totem predominates and always has done so, as cases are numerous
of men marrying back to the same (or partially the same) totem as held
by their father, but marrying back to the totem held by the mother is
practically unknown. The totem laws were probably the origin of the fear
and disgust of the Barozi to anything like consanguinity of married
couples, and although to-day the totem is forgotten to a great extent,
the marriage of relatives of close blood relationship is unknown, and
the very idea of such a marriage most abhorrent. This is all the more
striking amongst a people whose immorality is notorious and who might
with justice be called unmoral rather than immoral. The totems, or such
as can be remembered were numerous, all the large buck, the rapids of
rivers, trees of the forest, fish, wild animals, roots and bushes and
all the elements, were all held as totems for various families. It is
worthy of comment that in the case of divorces where female children
have been retained by the mother, these female children have assumed
the mother’s totem and dropped the father’s totem. It is however
nearly impossible to ascertain whether this is due to carelessness or
is founded on some old law regulating the totems. To-day there is no
certain knowledge among the Barozi whether edible totems such as buck,
birds or fishes, were sacred to those whose totems they were, and thus
uneatable or not, but an elephant-totem man will certainly not refuse
a lump of elephant meat nowadays. The totem of the Chief’s family is
the “Namuchoko,” a species of white pumpkin. This was the totem of the
Chief’s mother.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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