Battle Honours of the British Army: From Tangier, 1662, to the Commencement of the Reign of King Edward VIINorman, Charles Boswell
History
Battle Honours of the British Army: From Tangier, 1662, to the Commencement of the Reign of King Edward VII
Norman, Charles Boswell
Great Britain -- History, Military; Great Britain. Army -- History
The battle honours conferred for services in the West Indies cover
the half-century from the capture of Guadeloupe in 1759 to the
third capture of the same island in the year 1810. The appended
tables of casualties show that our losses in action were by no
means contemptible, but these did not represent one-tenth of those
we suffered from disease or from neglect of the most elementary
precautions against the effects of the climate on our troops.
In the event of our being at war with those nations which had
possessions in the West Indies, the islands formed convenient bases
for operations against our North American Colonies, as well as
harbours of refuge for the innumerable privateers which preyed upon
our commerce. When war unhappily broke out between our Colonies and
the Mother-Country, it became more than ever a matter of paramount
necessity that no Power but ourselves should hold possession of
these islands. Unfortunately, at the end of each successive war
England, as has ever been her custom, restored her conquests
to their original holders, with the inevitable result that our
soldiers and sailors were called upon to sacrifice their lives
in the recapture of the islands in pursuance of the time-worn
policy of English Cabinets. In the course of fifty years St. Lucia,
Guadeloupe, and Martinique were thrice wrested from the French, and
the two last-named islands thrice restored. Up to the year 1909 the
battle honours "Martinique" and "Guadeloupe," which figured on the
colours and appointments of some of our regiments, had been granted
only for the capture of those islands by Sir George Beckwith in the
years 1809 and 1810. Last year it was determined (and very rightly)
that the previous expeditions, which dated back to 1759, were also
worthy of being recorded, and an Army Order was issued in the month
of November, 1909, announcing that the King had been graciously
pleased to approve of the undermentioned honorary distinctions
being borne on the colours and appointments of a certain number
of regiments present in the following expeditions: "Havana";
"Guadeloupe, 1759"; "Guadeloupe, 1810"; "Martinique, 1762";
"Martinique, 1794 and 1809"; "St. Lucia, 1778, 1793, and 1803."
In any case where a regiment had been awarded the same distinction,
but with different dates, it was to bear on its colours or
appointments one distinction only, with the dates. Thus, so far as
Martinique is concerned, the East Yorkshire Regiment will have on
its colours "Martinique, 1762, 1794, 1809."
The services performed by our troops in the many expeditions for
the reduction of the Island of Guadeloupe have been scantily
recognized. So far as I have been able to ascertain, the first
capture of the Island of Guadeloupe took place in the year 1702,
when the Yorkshire Regiment lost 2 officers killed and 3 wounded;
the 20th (Lancashire Fusiliers) 3 officers killed and 5 wounded;
and the 35th (Royal Sussex), 2 killed, 3 wounded, and no less than
16 by disease.
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