United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns
About 3 A. M., on July 2d, the division began to move towards
Gettysburg and marched as rapidly as circumstances would permit, as
the roads were blocked with wagons, artillery, and the wounded of both
armies. At length it arrived at about two o'clock in the evening within
two miles of Gettysburg and immediately went into camp. While they
were doing so a courier rode up and informed the officers that McLaws'
division of Georgians had just made a charge on Cemetery Heights and
had been repulsed with great slaughter. This division, together with
Hood's and Pickett's, made up Longstreet's corps, and it seemed that
each of his divisions was to have the honor of making an assault on
Cemetery Heights. General Pickett now informed his men that he had
orders to hurl his division against this position on the next day
unless the artillery should succeed in dislodging the enemy.
On the following day this division took position in line of battle
directly behind the Confederate artillery line on Seminary Ridge, with
a line of timber between, and had orders to lie down. General Lee
had massed in front of the division about 120 pieces of artillery,
and they were to open on Cemetery Heights and endeavor if possible
to dislodge the enemy. This cannonading began about noon, and was
answered by the enemy with a hundred pieces. A more terrific fire has
never been witnessed by man than occurred there on that July afternoon.
The earth was shaken by its roar, such as probably the younger Pliny
mentioned in his description of the eruption of Vesuvius when Pompeii
and Herculaneum were destroyed. The sky was black with smoke, and livid
with the flame belching from the mouth of the cannon.
During all this cannonading Pickett's division was lying awaiting it to
cease. Round shot whistled through the trees, shells burst over their
heads, dealing destruction within their ranks. The shot and shell from
their enemy's guns that passed over the artillery invariably fell in
the ranks of Pickett's division, which seemed doomed to destruction
without even the opportunity of firing a gun. While this cannonading
was going on, General Armistead and the other brigade commanders
passed along in front of their respective commands informing their
men that unless the artillery succeeded in dislodging the enemy from
Cemetery Heights, they were to charge this position. Although this
had been tried by the respective divisions of McLaw and Hood, and in
each instance had been repulsed with great slaughter, yet they seemed
determined to win for Virginia and the Confederate states a name
which would be handed down to posterity in honor, and which would be
spoken of in pride by not only Virginia but by all America. In this
particular they succeeded, for not only have their foes accorded them
a crown of laurels, but England spoke words of praise for these men,
whose Anglo-Saxon blood nerved them to such a deed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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