United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns
General John B. Gordon said that Spottsylvania furnished the longest
roll of incessant musketry; the most splendid exhibition of heroism and
personal daring by large numbers who, standing in the freshly spilled
blood of their comrades, faced for so long a period and at so short a
range the flaming rifles as they heralded the decrees of death during
the entire war. Such examples of heroism, shown by both armies in that
hand-to-hand struggle at Spottsylvania Court House, will not be lost to
the Republic.
After the undecisive Battle of the Wilderness, Grant again tried to
get his army between that of Lee and Richmond, and on the afternoon
of May 7th began to move his army in the direction of Spottsylvania
Court House. Lee had anticipated this movement on the part of Grant,
and began at once to devise plans to throw his army across the path of
his adversary. He therefore ordered General Anderson, who was now in
command of Longstreet's corps, Longstreet having been wounded in the
Battle of the Wilderness, to march by a shorter route to Spottsylvania
Court House, hoping to reach the same before it was occupied by the
troops of Grant. This movement was begun by Anderson on the night of
May 7th. General Ewell was ordered to follow up Anderson's corps.
This he did by taking a longer and more indirect route. When the
Federals, under Warren, reached Todd's Tavern they found their cavalry
in terrible conflict with Fitzhugh Lee's division of the Confederate
cavalry. Fitzhugh Lee was reënforced by the advance division of
Anderson's corps, which by this time had come up. General Warren was
finally repulsed and fell back, thus giving the Confederates possession
of Spottsylvania Court House which was gained only by the timely
arrival of Anderson's corps.
The Federals tried again and again throughout the day to break the
Confederate lines, but were repulsed in every attack. Thus Lee had
again blocked the path of Grant.
Both armies began to entrench themselves, as it was very evident
that a great battle was near at hand. The Confederates formed their
entrenchments in the shape of a huge V, forming a salient angle against
the center of the Federal line. This particular place has since been
known as the "Bloody Angle." The Confederate left was commanded by
Anderson, the center by Ewell, the right by Early, who was temporarily
in command of A. P. Hill's corps, on account of Hill's sickness. The
Federal left was commanded by Burnside, the center by Sedgwick and
Warren, and the right by Hancock.
May 9th was spent by both armies in getting position and by some
fighting between the outlying divisions of the armies. In one of these
skirmishes General Sedgwick was killed by a sharpshooter's ball. He was
succeeded in command by H. G. Wright. His death was a great loss to the
Federal forces.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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