United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns
On the next day General Grant ordered a general attack on the
Confederate line. This attack was led by General Warren, whose progress
was very slow owing to the dense thickets of low cedar and the walls
of abatis, which were thrown in their way by the Confederates. This
advance of General Warren was met by a heavy artillery and musket fire
from Longstreet's corps, under command of Anderson. Warren's troops
came on notwithstanding the heavy fire from all sides. Some of his
soldiers even crossed over the breastworks and were either killed or
taken prisoners by the Confederates. The Federals finally retreated
with heavy loss.
Grant now thought it best to attack the Confederate lines in front of
Wright's corps. This was done late in the evening by several divisions
under Upton. He advanced quickly through a terrible fire and gained the
entrenchments, where they had a terrible hand-to-hand conflict with
bayonets fixed. The Confederates were overpowered by numbers and gave
way and fell back to their second line of entrenchments. For this brave
act, Upton was made a brigadier-general. The Confederates, however,
were reënforced, and Upton retired from the position which he had
gained.
The battle was yet indecisive and both armies had suffered great loss.
Owing to the heavy rains, the armies lay inactive on the 11th. It was
during this battle that Grant sent a message to Washington saying that
he would fight it out on this line if it took all summer.
Grant, in the meantime, had sent General Sheridan with his cavalry to
threaten Richmond.
He was closely followed by General Stuart, and on May 11th they fought
a hard battle at Yellow Tavern, in which General Stuart was killed. His
death was a severe loss to the Confederacy. His experience as a cavalry
leader, obtained on many battlefields, was such that his place could
not be filled. A large statue has been erected to his memory in the
Hollywood cemetery at Richmond, on which is recorded his feats of valor
on many fields.
Grant decided on another attack on the Confederate lines at
Spottsylvania on May 12th, the objective point being the sharp angle
in Lee's entrenchments. This had been anticipated by General Lee,
and he had been making ready. This attack was made at daybreak by
General Hancock's corps. It was the most severe and the most bloody
hand-to-hand conflict of the entire battle. The attack was received
by General Johnston's brigade of Ewell's corps, which was finally
overpowered and captured. This was the "Old Stonewall Brigade." This
was a serious loss to Lee's army.
The Federals pushed on to the Confederates' second entrenchments, but
were here repulsed by fresh troops under General Gordon. General Lee
himself rode up with Gordon, but was forced back again by the cry of
his own men: "General Lee to the rear!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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