Number of pupils.--The enrollment of pupils in the public schools below the University of the Philippines from the school year 1913-1914 to 1920-1921 is as follows: -----------+-----------+------------------- | | Increase over | | previous year Year | Enrollment|---------+--------- | | Number | Per cent -----------+-----------+---------+--------- 1913-1914 | 621,114 | 180,980 | 41.0 1914-1915 | 621,114 | ------- | ---- 1915-1916 | 638,548 | 17,434 | 2.8 1916-1917 | 675,997 | 37,449 | 5.8 1917-1918 | 671,398 | 4,699 | .7 1918-1919 | 681,588 | 10,290 | 1.5 1919-1920 | 791,626 | 110,040 | 16.0 1920-1921. | 943,364 | 151,736 | 19.0 1921-1922. | 1,077,342 | 133,978 | 13.0 -----------+-----------+---------+--------- Number of schools and teachers.--The number of schools rose from 2,934 in 1913 to 7,670 in March, 1922, representing an increase of 128 per cent. The average annual decrease in the number of schools from 1909 to 1913 (5 years preceding Filipino autonomy) was 181, or 4.8 per cent, while the average yearly increase from 1914 to 1920 was 416. The number of Filipino teachers increased from 7,671 in 1913 to 24,017 in 1922, which means an increase of 16,346, or 213 per cent. The number of American teachers dropped from 658 in March, 1913, to 347 in March, 1922. Number of school buildings.--The number of permanent school buildings constructed up to 1913 was 624, which number rose to 1,301. In other words, during nine years (1913-1922), 108 per cent more permanent buildings were erected. Universities.--Foremost among the universities in the Islands is the University of the Philippines, which corresponds to a state university. It gives courses in liberal arts, the sciences, education, medicine and surgery, dentistry, pharmacy, agriculture, veterinary medicine, engineering, law, forestry, music, and the fine arts. Collegiate degrees are conferred upon graduates in all the courses mentioned with the exception of the last two, for which diplomas of proficiency are issued to the graduates. The enrollment in the University for the school year 1922-1923 is 4,839, so that in 10 years the attendance rose from 1,400 in 1911-1912 to 4,839 in 1922-1923, representing an increase of 237 per cent. The University has now 45 buildings of permanent materials. The Santo Tomas University was the first to be established. It has the distinction of being the oldest university under the American flag, having been founded a quarter of a century before Harvard. It gives courses in law, medicine, pharmacy, civil engineering, philosophy and letters, and theology, and has about 700 students. The medium of instruction is the Spanish language.