The significance of catalepsy is best studied by considering its relationship to other symptoms and by noting remarks made by the patients in reference to it. The most important observations which we have made seem to indicate that it never occurs with that degree of deep inactivity which suggests a complete lack of mentation on the part of the patient. One is therefore forced to conclude that back of this phenomenon there must be some purpose, some kind of an ideational content, although this may be of a primitive order. This is demonstrably true in some cases, at least such as that of Isabella M., who left her arm sticking up in the air but took it down to scratch herself and then put it back. Somewhat similarly, Charlotte W. (Case 12), when she was shown during convalescence a photograph of herself in a cataleptic state, said that that was when she was waiting to go to Heaven and was afraid to move. Again she remarked, “I was mesmerized.” Josephine G., who showed only a tendency to catalepsy, said that she feared the devil would get control of those about her if she moved. Sometimes there is a development of this symptom from others which seem to be ideational in their origin. For instance, Charles O. began making flail-like movements. These passed over into slow circular motions which finally subsided into the maintenance of fixed position. References to hypnotism are not infrequent, and in many cases there is evidence of a delusion that the posture is desired by those in charge of the patient. Annie G. (Case 1) said so directly. In retrospect she explained the holding of her arms in the air by saying, “I thought you wanted me to have them up.” Henrietta B. at one examination kept her arms raised in the position in which they had been put for a minute and then dropped them, saying, “Stop mesmerizing me.” But she then put them up again of her own accord and now presented intense resistance to any motion. Later she extended her arms in front of her and said, “I am all right,” in a theatrical manner. Some patients give evidence in other symptoms of larval efforts at coöperation with the actual or supposed wishes of the physician and in such cases it is not impossible that passive movements are interpreted as orders. One must remember in this connection that the more primitive are the mental operations of any individual, the more important do signs, rather than speech, come to be a medium of communication with other people. As an example of this type we might mention Rose Sch. (Case 6), who flinched from pin pricks (showing that she felt them) but made no effort to get away. When somewhat clearer she said that she was “here to be cured.” Similarly Mary D. (Case 4), who showed no catalepsy from ordinary tests, kept her head off the pillow for a long time after it was raised to have her hair dressed. She showed such perseveration in many constrained positions. She too flinched from pin pricks but not only made no effort to prevent