Nichols, E. L. "Franklin as a Man of Science," _Independent_, LX, 79-84 (Jan. 11, 1906). (Franklin's mind "turned ever by preference to the utilitarian and away from the theoretical and speculative aspects of things.") "Notice sur Benjamin Franklin," in _Œuvres posthumes de Cabanis_. Paris: 1825, pp. 219-74. (Representative in its rapturous eulogy.) Oberholtzer, E. P. _The Literary History of Philadelphia._ Philadelphia: 1906. (Chap. II, "The Age of Franklin," written with conservative bias, belabors Franklin who as a statesman "was almost as wrong as Paine and Mirabeau." What Voltaire was to France, Franklin was to his native city and state.) Oswald, J. C. _Benjamin Franklin in Oil and Bronze._ New York: 1926. ("Probably the features and form of no man who ever lived were delineated so frequently and in such a variety of ways as were those of Benjamin Franklin." Best survey of its kind, including many excellent reproductions.) Oswald, J. C. _Benjamin Franklin, Printer._ Garden City, N. Y.: 1917. (Fullest and ablest account of this phase of Franklin's life.) Owen, E. D. "Where Did Benjamin Franklin Get the Idea for His Academy?" _Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, LVIII, 86-94 (Jan., 1934). (Inconclusive evidence attributing it to Dr. Philip Doddridge.) *Parker, Theodore. "Benjamin Franklin," in _Historic Americans_. Ed. with notes by S. A. Eliot. Boston: 1908 [written in 1858]. (Franklin "thinks, investigates, theorizes, invents, but never does he dream." Although Parker, an idealist and reformer, exalts "the sharp outline of his [Franklin's] exact idea," his humanitarianism, his combining the "rare excellence of Socrates and Bacon" in making things "easy for all to handle and comprehend," he concludes that Franklin is "a saint devoted to the almighty dollar." There are few more readable estimates.) *Parrington, V. L. "Benjamin Franklin," in _The Colonial Mind, 1620-1800_. New York: 1927, pp. 164-78. (Emphasizes Franklin's tendencies toward agrarian democracy; Parrington's indifference to the genetic approach and his chronic economic determinism lead him to slight the primary importance of Franklin's religious and philosophic views in conditioning his other activities.) Pennington, E. L. "The Work of the Bray Associates in Pennsylvania," _Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, LVIII, 1-25 (Jan., 1934). (Franklin's humanitarian interest in negro education. In 1758 he writes from London urging school for instructing young Negroes in Philadelphia.) _Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, XXV, 307-22, 516-26 (1901), XXVI, 81-90, 255-64 (1902). (Reprints one of Dean Tucker's pamphlets with Franklin's annotations. Casts light on Franklin's loyalty to the Crown, while rebellious against Parliament.)