Benjamin Franklin; Self-Revealed, Volume 2 (of 2): A Biographical and Critical Study Based Mainly on his own WritingsBruce, Wiliam Cabell
History
Benjamin Franklin; Self-Revealed, Volume 2 (of 2): A Biographical and Critical Study Based Mainly on his own Writings
Bruce, Wiliam Cabell
Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790
Even, if confined westward by the Mississippi and northward by the St.
Lawrence and the Lakes, he thought that, in some centuries, the population
of America would amount to one hundred millions of people.
Such were the prepossessions brought by Franklin to the controversy between
Great Britain and her colonies. In his view he was none the less an
Englishman because he was an American, and, as the controversy gained in
rancor, his dual allegiance to the two countries led to no little
misconstruction. To an unknown correspondent he wrote several years after
the repeal of the Stamp Act that he was becoming weary of talking and
writing about the quarrel, "especially," he said, "as I do not find that I
have gained any point, in either country, except that of rendering myself
suspected by my impartiality; in England of being too much an American, and
in America, of being too much an Englishman."
His view of the legal tie between England and the Colonies was very simple.
How, he wrote to William Franklin, the people of Boston could admit that
the General Court of Massachusetts was subordinate to Parliament, and yet,
in the same breath, deny the power of Parliament to enact laws for them, he
could not understand; nor could he understand what bounds the Farmer's
Letters set to the authority in Parliament, which they conceded, to
"regulate the trade of the Colonies." It was difficult, he thought, to draw
lines between duties for regulation and those for revenue; and, if
Parliament was to be the judge, it seemed to him that the distinction would
amount to little. Two years previously, however, when examined before the
House of Commons; he had stated that, while the right of a Parliament in
which the colonies were not represented to impose an internal tax upon them
was generally denied in America, he had never heard any objection urged in
America to duties laid by Parliament to regulate commerce; and, when he was
asked whether there was any kind of difference between the two taxes to the
colonies on which they might be laid, he had a prompt answer:
I think the difference is very great. An external tax
is a duty laid on commodities imported; that duty is
added to the first cost and other charges on the
commodity, and, when it is offered to sale, makes a
part of the price. If the people do not like it at that
price, they refuse it; they are not obliged to pay it.
But an internal tax is forced from the people without
their consent, if not laid by their own
representatives.
And then, when asked immediately afterwards whether, if the external tax or
duty was laid on the necessaries of life imported into Pennsylvania, that
would not be the same thing in its effects as an internal tax, he doubtless
filled the minds of his more insular auditors with astonishment by
replying, "I do not know a single article imported into the Northern
Colonies, but what they can either do without, or make themselves."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account