Benjamin Franklin; Self-Revealed, Volume 2 (of 2): A Biographical and Critical Study Based Mainly on his own WritingsBruce, Wiliam Cabell
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Benjamin Franklin; Self-Revealed, Volume 2 (of 2): A Biographical and Critical Study Based Mainly on his own Writings
Bruce, Wiliam Cabell
Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790
He also noted that an equilibrium could not be restored in the bottle by
inward communication or contact of the parts, but only by a communication,
formed without the bottle between its top and bottom.
He also noted that no electrical fire could be thrown into the top of the
bottle, when none could get out at its bottom, either because the bottom
was too thick, or because it stood on some non-conducting material, and
likewise that, when the bottle was electrified, but little of the
electrical fire could be drawn from the top by touching the wire, unless
an equal quantity could at the same time get in at the bottom.
So wonderfully [he adds] are these two states of
electricity, the _plus_ and _minus_, combined and
balanced in this miraculous bottle! situated and
related to each in a manner that I can by no means
comprehend! If it were possible that a bottle should in
one part contain a quantity of air strongly comprest,
and in another part a perfect vacuum, we know the
equilibrium would be instantly restored _within_. But
here we have a bottle containing at the same time a
_plenum_ of electrical fire, and a _vacuum_ of the same
fire; and yet the equilibrium cannot be restored
between them but by a communication without! though the
_plenum_ presses violently to expand, and the hungry
vacuum seems to attract as violently in order to be
filled.
The letter concludes with an elaborate statement of the experiments by
which the correctness of its conclusions could be established.
Franklin's next discovery communicated to Collinson in a letter dated the
succeeding year was that, when the bottle was electrified, the electric
fluid resided in the glass itself of the bottle. The manner in which he
proved this fact is a good example of his inductive thoroughness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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