_Horus_, who had the epithet of "_Saviour_," was born of the virgin Isis. "His birth was one of the greatest Mysteries of the Egyptian religion. Pictures representing it appear on the walls of temples."[122:2] He is "the second emanation of _Amon_, the son whom he begot."[122:3] Egyptian monuments represent the infant Saviour in the arms of his virgin mother, or sitting on her knee.[122:4] An inscription on a monument, translated by Champollion, reads thus: "O thou avenger, God, son of a God; O thou avenger, Horus, manifested by Osiris, engendered of the goddess Isis."[122:5] The Egyptian god _Ra_ was born from the side of his mother, _but was not engendered_.[122:6] The ancient Egyptians also deified kings and heroes, in the same manner as the ancient Greeks and Romans. An Egyptian king became, in a sense, "the vicar of God on earth, the infallible, and the personated deity."[122:7] P. Le Page Renouf, in his Hibbert Lectures on the Religion of Ancient Egypt, says: "I must not quit this part of my subject without a reference to the belief that the ruling sovereign of Egypt was the living image and vicegerent of the Sun-god (_Ra_). _He was invested with the attributes of divinity_, and that in the earliest times of which we possess monumental evidence."[122:8] _Menes_, who is said to have been the first king of Egypt, was believed to be a god.[122:9] Almost all the temples of the left bank of the Nile, at Thebes, had been constructed in view of the worship rendered to the Pharaohs, their founders, after their death.[122:10] On the wall of one of these Theban temples is to be seen a picture representing the god Thoth--the messenger of God--telling the _maiden_, Queen Mautmes, that she is to give birth to a _divine son_, who is to be King _Amunothph_ III.[123:1] An inscription found in Egypt makes the god _Ra_ say to his son Ramses III.: "I am thy father; by me are begotten all thy members as divine; I have formed thy shape like the Mendesian god; I have begotten thee, impregnating thy venerable mother."[123:2] _Raam-ses_, or _Ra-mé-ses_, means "Son of the Sun," and _Ramses Hek An_, a name of Ramses III., means "engendered by Ra (the Sun), Prince of An (Heliopolis)."[123:3] "_Thotmes_ III., on the tablet of Karnak, presents offerings to his predecessors; so does _Ramses_ on the tablet of Abydos. Even during his life-time the Egyptian king was denominated '_Beneficent God_.'"[123:4] The ancient Babylonians also believed that their kings were gods upon earth. A passage from Ménaut's translation of the great inscription of Nebuchadnezzar, reads thus: "I am Nabu-kuder-usur . . . the first-born son of Nebu-pal-usur, King of Babylon. The god _Bel_ himself created me, the god _Marduk_ engendered me, and deposited himself the germ of my life in the womb of my mother."[123:5]