The Jews considered all who did not belong to their race to be _heathens_ and _barbarians_. The Christians consider those who are not followers of Christ Jesus to be _heathens_ and _barbarians_. The Mohammedans consider all others to be _dogs_, _infidels_, and _barbarians_. [267:4] "And in the fourth watch of the night, Jesus went unto them, walking on the sea." (Matt. xiv. 25.) [267:5] Prog. Relig. Ideas, vol. ii. p. 236. We have it on the authority of _Strabo_ that Roman priests walked barefoot over burning coals, without receiving the slightest injury. This was done in the presence of crowds of people. _Pliny_ also relates the same story. [267:6] Prog. Relig. Ideas, vol. ii. p. 236. [267:7] Athenagoras, Apolog. p. 25. Quoted in Middleton's Works, vol. i. p. 62. [267:8] Geikie: Life of Christ, vol. ii. p. 619. [268:1] Geikie: Life of Christ, vol. i. p. 75. [268:2] Jewish Antiquities, bk. viii. ch. ii. [268:3] Middleton's Works, vol. i. p. 68. [268:4] "And he cometh to Bethsaida, and they bring a _blind man_ unto him, and besought him to touch him. And he took the blind man by the hand . . . _and when he had spit on his eyes_, . . . he looked up and said: 'I see men and trees,' . . . and he was restored." (Mark, viii. 22-25.) [268:5] "And behold there was a man _which had his hand withered_. . . . Then said he unto the man, 'Stretch forth thine hand;' and he stretched it forth, and it was restored whole, like as the other." (Matt. xii. 10-13.) [268:6] Tacitus: Hist., lib. iv. ch. lxxxi. [269:1] See Chambers's Encyclo., art. "Tacitus." [269:2] See The Bible of To-Day, pp. 273, 278. [269:3] See Gibbon's Rome, vol. i. pp. 539-541. [270:1] Middleton's Letters from Rome, p. 102. See also, Bell's Pantheon, vol. i. p. 16. [270:2] Dionysius of Halicarnassus, one of the most accurate historians of antiquity, says: "In the war with the Latins, Castor and Pollux appeared visibly on white horses, and fought on the side of the Romans, who by their assistance gained a complete victory. As a perpetual memorial of it, a temple was erected and a yearly festival instituted in honor of these deities." (Prog. Relig. Ideas, vol. i. p. 323, and Middleton's Letters from Rome, p. 103.) [271:1] See Prefatory Discourse to vol. iii. Middleton's Works, p. 54. [271:2] See Origen: Contra Celsus, bk. 1, ch. lxviii. [272:1] See Origen: Contra Celsus, bk. 1, ch. ix. [272:2] Ibid. bk. iii. ch. xliv. [272:3] Ibid. [272:4] Ibid. bk. 1, ch. lxviii. [272:5] Ibid. [272:6] Ibid. [272:7] Dial. Cum. Typho. ch. lxix. [272:8] See Isis Unveiled, vol. ii. p. 148. [272:9] See Baring-Gould's Lost and Hostile Gospels. A knowledge of magic had spread from Central Asia into Syria, by means of the return of the Jews from Babylon, and had afterwards extended widely, through the mixing of nations produced by Alexander's conquests. [273:1] See King's Gnostics, p. 145. Monumental Christianity, pp. 100 and 402, and Jameson's Hist. of Our Lord in Art, vol. i. p. 16.